Due to the high humidity in the field and the good sensation, rice buckwheat usually has serious diseases, and the epidemic disease develops into the constant disease. In addition to mites, insect pests are lighter. Rice buckwheat sowing late, pre-winter disease and pest occurrence is light, mainly for the spring. In general, the main pests and diseases: scab, powdery mildew, rust (leaf rust), sheath blight, viral disease (yellowing) and aphids, are difficult to control. First, wheat scab. The occurrence of head blight in wheat occurs mostly in wet and humid climates during the panicle stage. In recent years, the incidence of wheat scab has been increasing with the changes in cultivation systems such as the increase in population density, the popularization of susceptible varieties, and the increase in the area of ​​returned straw. Expanded trend. The general reduction of production is 10 to 20%, and in severe cases it is 80 to 90%. Due to the lack of crop rotation, the population density in the field is difficult to reduce, and it is only possible to improve the technology of returning straw to the field to reduce the residual amount of rice straw on the soil surface. At the same time, the selection of resistant varieties is very important because the resistant varieties can reduce the post-control pressure, so it is recommended One vote was rejected for the national regional test for susceptible varieties. Chemical prevention still insists on the principle of prevention as the mainstay and grasping the appropriate period. In the early stage of Yanghua, see the flowers and hit it, playing the second time every 5 days or so. The amount of water and control equipment have a great influence on the control effect. It is recommended to use 30 liters/mu of liquid medicine and a misting machine is recommended. Pharmaceutic selection, carbendazim or carbendazim-containing fungicide is still the current head of the species, the most registered in the Ministry of Agriculture drug testing institute is a multi-keto compound, the cost is lower, you can also cure powdery mildew; 30% E Fu (25:5) (18-27 g/mu), active ingredient of tebuconazole Fusarium head blight Second, wheat powdery mildew. Powdery mildew is the most common disease in wheat, which mainly damages the leaves. In severe cases, it also harms leaf sheaths, stems and panicles. Typical symptoms are villous mycelium on the surface of the leaves, and the surface is covered with a layer of white powdery mildew that is conidium. When the wheat matures, black spots appear on the lesions, which are the generational generation of the powdery fungus shells. Planting disease-resistant varieties, Yangmai and Zhenmai varieties are relatively resistant to disease, and can be planted according to local conditions; rational application of nitrogen fertilizer can improve ventilation and light conditions in the field, and reduce field humidity. The key to chemical control is to protect the upper functional leaves from booting to flowering. When the upper half of the three functional leaves have a leaf rate of about 5% or the diseased strain rate is about 15%, they should be controlled. In early spring, the field with a disease rate of 5% can be controlled to reduce the pressure of prevention and treatment in the later period. The control agent can be selected from triadimefon (active ingredient 10-12 g/mu), propiconazole (8-10 g/mu) and triazole fungicide such as epoxiconazole. Aether fungicides also have good efficacy against powdery mildew. Wheat powdery mildew Third, wheat rust. Leaf rust and stripe rust, leaf rust occurred in the southwest and mid-lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the wheat area; strip rust occurred in the Southwest and Huanghuai wheat areas. When recognizing the field, you can remember the simple slogan “Rust rusting, leaf rust, stem rust is a big erythemaâ€; leaf rust summer spores orange, yellow rust. Wheat varieties in the southwestern region were selected for resistance to stripe rust, and the varieties approved in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were resistant to disease. The resistance to leaf rust is still rare. At present, most varieties are susceptible to leaf rust. For the source of stripe rust bacteria, triazole pesticides can be used for seed dressing, disease-resistant varieties and other measures. In the winter and summer areas, the “drug reconnaissance was discovered and a point was controlled†in the key disease plots, and the onset center was promptly controlled; the wheat field reconciliation rule was provided to control the spreading of the disease area. Monitoring on a large area was strengthened, and the diseased leaf rate was started at 5%. Leaf rust is also effective at the beginning of the disease. Wheat rust Fourth, wheat sheath blight. There is an annual area of ​​more than 100 million mu in the country. Diseases can cause stembores to die. Diseases that have not died will also affect the normal growth and development of wheat due to the destruction of the transporting tissues and the impediments to transportation of nutrients and moisture, resulting in the number of ears per ear. Decreased, insufficient grain filling, and reduced grain weight. Severe can cause white (pregnancy) ear, causing lodging. Losses of 10% to 20% are common, and serious fields can exceed 30%. Based on agricultural control (appropriate sowing, control of seeding rate, control of early fertilization, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and reduce field humidity); selection of resistant (resistant) disease varieties (such as Ningmai 9, Ningmai 13); In the early sowing area, the seed treatment and coating of medicinal seeds will be carried out to reduce the peak incidence before winter; the spray control of pesticides will be conducted in the early spring to control the development of diseases and reduce losses. Wheat sheath blight Fifth, wheat yellow mosaic disease. Also known as wheat-streak mosaic disease, it is estimated that the annual incidence of the country will be 20 million mu, and the general sick field will reduce production by 10% to 50%. The symptoms do not appear before the winter, and the symptoms appear when the wheat sprouts return to green in the early spring. In the early stage of onset, the new leaves of the diseased plants exhibited chlorotic to necrotic spindle-like striations, which alternated with green tissue and became symptoms of mosaics; the spread of lesions at later stages increased, resulting in yellowing and withering of the entire diseased leaf, severe dwarfing of the diseased leaves, and childbirth. cut back. In lightly affected fields, the diseased plants gradually became insidious as the temperature increased by more than 15°C at the later stage; after heading, the diseased field resumed rapid growth, but it was still shorter and shorter than the healthy plants, with uneven variability and small spikes. deformity. In order to promote the resistance of disease-resistant varieties, combined with reasonable water and fertilizer management of agricultural comprehensive prevention and control measures. Rotate crops for rotation, and non-host barley, rape, etc.; suitable late sowing, to avoid the optimum period of mediator infestation activities; reasonable fertilization, early application of early available nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and growth regulators to promote the growth of wheat seedlings. Polycarbonate Greenhouse,Po Film Covering Greenhouse,Venlo Type Glass Greenhouse,Multi Span Plastic Film Greenhouse Qingzhou JuLong Agriculture Equipment Co.,Ltd , https://www.julonggrowtech.com