Cancer Immune Cell Therapy - How old did you know?

The medical incident triggered by the "Weize Xixi incident" has made Baidu, Putian, and military hospitals a target of public criticism. The reason is the introduction of cancer immunotherapy and the clinical application of cancer, and the immunization of cancer. The technology of cell therapy has been pushed to the forefront, and it has also made domestic suspicion of immune cell therapy.

In recent years, the incidence of cancer is getting higher and higher. The incidence of cancer is related to the immune function of human beings in addition to external conditions and genetic factors. People with long-term immune function are more likely to develop cancer. At present, the treatment of cancer emphasizes multidisciplinary treatment. Traditional methods such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, biological therapy, etc., but these methods are prone to recurrence. The lack of supervision in the market makes the cancer treatment industry a mixed phenomenon. .

With the development of medical technology, scientific researchers are exploring the use of human autoimmunity to cure cancer. As we all know, the immune system is the most effective weapon for the body to prevent the invasion of pathogens. It can detect and remove foreign matter, foreign pathogenic microorganisms and other environmental fluctuations. Factors, together to maintain the body's environmental stability and physiological balance, which is also an important role of human immune function, immune function in the fight against germs, defense pathogen invasion has such a powerful function, so many scholars began to explore from the immune function New treatments for cancer.

By knowing that cancer cell immunotherapy is one of the immunotherapy, it extracts immune cells that can recognize and fight non-self antigens in the human body, and expands and processes them in vitro, and then returns them to the patient and destroys them. Or help the immune system destroy cancer cells. So what about the treatment of immune cells?

The origin of immune cell therapy

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has established the foundation for immune cell therapy (LAK therapy). Through research, if the human immune system is strongly stimulated, the immune system will play a huge role in the fight against cancer.

In the human body, the protagonist of the repressive effect on mutated cancer cells is NK cells. NK cells, also known as natural killer cells, are important immune cells of the body, not only related to anti-tumor, anti-viral infection and immune regulation, but also participate in hypersensitivity reactions and autoimmune diseases in some cases.

Activation of NK cells in humans by interleukins can make NK cells have higher killing activity than before. Studies have now demonstrated that IL2 (interleukin 2) factors can promote NK cell activation and proliferation. However, in the patient's body, it is in a state of strong immunosuppression, and it is precisely because the immune system is inhibited that cancer cells will proliferate. If the substance is stimulated from the outside, it can break the strong immunosuppression in the body.

In the case of the IL2 factor, if there is no large amount of input in the body, there is no therapeutic effect, but the side effect of a large amount of input is that it will threaten the life of the patient. Therefore, the best way is to take the lymphocytes out of the body, stimulate the NK cells with a large amount of IL2 in vitro, and then return them to the patient.

Even healthy people have immunosuppression.

The advantage of in vitro culture is that the immune cell's attack power can be completely liberated in an environment with weak immunosuppression. In fact, NIH is able to achieve NK activity above twice the normal average.

The initial considerations for LAK therapy are:

1 Take out a large number of NK cells (arterial blood was collected for three consecutive days).

2 The cells were stimulated with a high concentration of IL2 to obtain NK activity higher than that of healthy people.

3NK cells are returned to the body before they begin to proliferate and decline in activity.

Although the initial LAK therapy was developed in the United States to improve the therapeutic effect of cancer, the initial effect of this LAK therapy is that it causes necrosis of large tumor masses, and a large amount of cancer cells leak out. The potassium ion stops the heart, and high concentrations of phosphorus ions can damage the kidneys. Therefore, it is necessary to control the outflow of the liquid, and it is necessary to perform cell reinfusion in the concentration treatment room (ICU).

The initial treatment of this LAK therapy is limited in intensity and costly. In addition, LAK therapy may have strong side effects. The treatment of 10 billion highly active NK cells is very intensive. There is a risk of causing tumor necrosis, so the amount of NK cells returned once is controlled to less than 1 billion, which will bring life-threatening to patients. Therefore, based on this research, a new type of immune cell therapy, ANK cell therapy, has been developed.

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