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First, an important economic <br> <br> strategic position along with the social and economic development, increasing aging population, the young trauma increases, continue to inject new technology and other factors, human demand for healthcare is also growing rapidly. For more than a decade, the growth of international health care costs has been higher than the growth of GDP over the same period. The urgent need for human health care has greatly promoted the rapid growth of the technology-added materials in the high-tech materials market, the biomedical materials and their products industry, with an annual growth rate of 15%-20%.
Intensifying efforts to develop biomedical materials and their products industry, and providing high-quality and low-cost products will not only stimulate domestic demand, but also foster new growth points in the national economy and generate huge economic benefits. The development of biomedical materials science and industry is also important for national defense and national security. As the United States has formulated in the "21st Century US Army Strategic Technology" report, biotechnology is the most promising technology for enhancing combat effectiveness in the next 30 years. Biomedical materials are an important part of it. The biomedical and its products industry is gradually entering the pillar industries of the world economy.
Second, the development of implantable medical devices <br> <br> fundamental medical material with respect to implantable medical devices, is the source of water, the roots of the trees. Implantable medical devices are not possible without materials that are biocompatible and have other desirable properties.
Medical materials used as implantable medical devices include metals, high molecular polymers, ceramics, and bio-derived materials and derivatives thereof.
In the field of intervention, including coronary stents, stainless steel, cobalt alloys, titanium and titanium alloys, and zirconium, which are gradually popularized at home and abroad, zirconium is the basic metal material for the preparation of interventional implantable devices, and the drug carrier coating is generally made of high molecular polymer.
As for materials for orthopedics, dentistry and other surgical implants, in addition to the above metals, polymers such as UHMWPE, PEEK, and PMMA There are also a wide range of applications; dense ceramics such as alumina and zirconia are mainly used as base materials for implant components; surface coating materials such as hydroxyapatite have been used for nearly 30 years.
Artificially produced inorganic and organic materials, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and other biological and biological materials, including allogeneic and xenogeneic bones, used as bone filling and repair, constitute the so-called orthopedic bioremediation Materials, developed rapidly in Western countries, account for 14% of the world's orthopaedic market share, more than l1% of common orthopedic trauma products.
According to the medical materials industry report, there are mainly seven important advances in global medical materials research in 2013:
Progress 1: Japan uses algae to produce plastics, and heat-resistant and easy-to-process performance is not inferior. On January 9, 2013, Japanese researchers announced that they have successfully produced plastics based on the algae “near algae†that can be used for photosynthesis.
The researchers believe that this new technology emits less carbon dioxide than using petroleum to make plastic.
Euglena is a type of single-cell eukaryote that combines animal and plant characteristics and is called ophthalmology in protozoology. They are easy to grow and the photosynthesis efficiency is higher than that of terrestrial plants.
A joint research group consisting of the Japan Industrial Technology Research Institute and Miyazaki University found that Euglena can produce high-molecular sugar in cells. After extracting the sugar, it reacts with the oil to synthesize the plastic.
70% of the synthetic plastic ingredients come from plants, not only as easy to process as petroleum-derived plastics, but also in heat resistance.
Progress 2: Teijin improved plant bio-polycarbonate resin technology to improve heat resistance and impact resistance
In April 2013, Teijin recently improved the technology of the plant-derived bio-polycarbonate resin product “PLANEXTâ€. By changing the molecular design, the heat resistance and impact resistance are improved over the conventional PLANEXT, and the problems compared with the polycarbonate resin produced by petroleum are solved. The improved product is called "PLANEXTD-7000".
PLANEXT is an environmentally friendly resin with a plant composition of up to 70%. The raw material used is a compound Isosorbide made from starch extracted from corn kernels and the like. It is excellent in formability and chemical resistance. As a bioplastic with surface hardness and rigidity, it is used in a wide range of applications such as automotive and electronic products.
Teijin has recently improved the technology of the plant-derived bio-polycarbonate resin product "PLANEXT". By changing the molecular design, the heat resistance and impact resistance are improved over the conventional PLANEXT, and the problems compared with the polycarbonate resin produced by petroleum are solved. The improved product is called "PLANEXTD-7000".
Progress 3: Researchers develop new bio-nanomaterials that can kill cancer cells. In early July 2013, Dr. Wang Yilong, Professor Shi Donglu, Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanoscience, Tongji University School of Medicine, and University of Cincinnati, Michigan, USA The university's peers worked closely together to develop a new type of surface-functionalized asymmetric nanocomposite microspheres. This novel structure provides a unique method for surface selective coupling of biomolecules, providing a new way of thinking for the construction of multifunctional nanomaterial carriers.
The advantage of this new nanostructure is that it is more convenient and efficient to integrate multiple functions into the same nanocarrier, enabling simultaneous targeting, tracing, magnetothermal therapy, drug delivery, and controlled release.
Progress 4: Scientists invent new medical materials for the treatment of degenerative and back pain in the intervertebral disc On July 18, 2013, scientists invented new medical materials for the treatment of degeneration and back pain in the intervertebral disc.
As we age, the loose matter that acts as a cushion between the spine breaks down, causing back pain and affecting exercise. Injection of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells - jelly-like tissue present in the intervertebral disc, can alleviate the above-mentioned functional deterioration and slow down pain, but in the current method, the injected cells leak from the injection site within a few days. A gel is formed when the three liquid components are mixed. In a preliminary experiment with rabbits, the liquid began to solidify after 5 min and was shaped after 20 min. Researchers believe that one of the liquid components, a chemically modified protein called laminin found in healthy intervertebral discs, may prolong the residence time of nucleus cells at the target site and protect their invariance.
Progress 5: The birth of the first biological 3D printer in China In August 2013, Professor Xu Mingen from the Department of Bioengineering of Hangzhou University of Electronic Science and Technology led a team to develop the first bio 3D printer in China, which can directly print human living cells. Using the foundation of these cells, printers can also print medical materials such as bone repair devices and artificial organs.
These materials, which were born from the printer, will help people with tissue repair, organ transplantation, and cosmetic surgery in the future.
Progress 6: Scientists develop new bio-sticks to make bone regeneration. On November 11, 2013, a research paper published in the international magazine Biomaterials, researchers from the University of Iowa developed a new type of research. Bio-sticks that place DNA in nano-sized particles and transport damaged/deleted bone by transporting instructions from bone production into the cells.
Progress 7: 4D Printing, Variety of Medical Materials In October 2013, SkylarTibbits from the Department of Architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology presented "4D Printing" at the 2013 TED (Technology, Entertainment, Design) Conference. the concept of. He threw a long 3D printed composite rope with joints into the water, and the long ropes were magically transformed into pre-designed shapes like Transformers. Adding a "time" latitude to a 3D printed object allows the object to have a "memory function" that can be automatically assembled into a pre-set shape under certain conditions of stimulation, which is called "4D printing."
4D printing has high application value in the medical field. At present, some enterprises have started to develop the biological heart stent with memory function based on 4D printing technology.
There is no pressure gauge and pressure relief, so as to observe the pressure of the thrower and adjust the working pressure value
Progress in seven research and development of medical materials in 2013
Medical materials have received the attention of researchers in recent years, mainly due to their important economic and clinical application benefits.