“From 2008 to 2011, we conducted a survey on the fertilization of garlic. The results show that most garlic farmers apply fertilizer according to their personal family income, which makes the nutrient input vary greatly. At the same time, the garlic farmers who apply fertilizer according to the crop fertilizer requirements Less, in order to save manpower, people often use a fixed proportion of compound fertilizer according to the supply of fertilizer on the market, resulting in imbalance of nutrient input.” On April 11, in the second China Lanling (Cangshan) international vegetable industry Jiang Lihua, director of the Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Research Office of the Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said at the Expo's lecture on modern vegetable industry development.

At the same time, the reporter learned from the survey data that garlic farmers generally use the method of spreading in the fertilization. The number of topdressing is basically 1-2 times, which leads to a decrease in fertilizer utilization rate, and it is easy to cause post-fertilization during the growth of garlic. Jiang Lihua introduced that in order to solve these problems, we advocate that we should carry out reasonable close planting, and adopt centralized fertilization methods such as ditch application or acupoint application, and appropriately increase the number of top dressing according to the law of crop fertilizer requirements.

"In order to better guide the scientific fertilization of garlic farmers and improve the fertilizer utilization rate, we have studied the dry matter accumulation and nutrient absorption of garlic." Jiang Lihua told reporters that through experiments, the dry matter accumulation of garlic in different periods is specific. The performance is as follows: garlic seeds accounted for 6.19% of the dry matter accumulation during the whole growth period; the dry matter accumulation in the 70 days after planting basically did not change, only about 1%; from 70 days to 180 days, the dry matter accumulation of garlic was slow, accounting for 20.33%; From 180 days to 215 days, in just over 30 days, the accumulation of dry matter accelerated, accounting for 16.08%. From the harvest of garlic to the harvest of garlic, from 215 days to 232 days, it is the fastest period of garlic dry matter accumulation. Accounted for 34.03%.

Jiang Lihua emphasized that in the whole process of garlic planting management, from 180 days later, the nutrients in the soil can effectively supply the crop growth needs and promote the absorption of garlic. During the whole growth period, garlic absorbed the largest amount of nitrogen, which was about 16.53 kg per mu, followed by potassium, which was about 12.1 kg per mu, and phosphorus was the least, about 6.14 kg per mu. At the same time, garlic had nitrogen and potassium fertilizers. Absorption is mainly concentrated in the middle and late stages, and phosphate absorption is mainly concentrated in the middle (middle) period.

"It is worth noting that with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer, the output of garlic will increase, but when it increases to a certain amount, the increase of garlic production is not obvious." Jiang Lihua said, "The test results show that 16.4 kg per mu is The optimum nitrogen application rate is 1967 kg per mu for optimum yield."

Then, how to arrange fertilization types and fertilization amount reasonably in different periods? Jiang Lihua introduced, first of all, to rationally allocate the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer base fertilizer and topdressing. Generally speaking, 2/3 of the nitrogen fertilizer application amount is used for base application, 1/ 3 for topdressing; phosphate fertilizer is all applied; and 3/4 of potash is used for base application and 1/4 is used for topdressing. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the application of medium and trace element fertilizers. Appropriate application of sulfur-containing fertilizers is generally effective for applying 6 kg of sulfur-containing fertilizer per acre. For the application of trace elements, such as zinc sulfate, 1 to 2 kg per mu, borax Apply about 1 kilogram per acre to prevent the occurrence of deficiency syndrome as much as possible.

At the same time, Jiang Lihua suggested that the garlic farmers should insist on rational farming, increase the application of organic fertilizer, apply nitrogen fertilizer, control the application of phosphate fertilizer, apply potassium fertilizer, supplement the principle of micro-fertilizer, and strive to improve the utilization of chemical fertilizer. rate.

This article URL: Garlic Fertilization: Fertilization time, staged fertilization, kind arrangement

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