1. Planting at the right time. Raspberry spring planting, autumn planting can be. The planting in spring is in principle before the thawing of seedlings before the germination (from March to April). Late planting is better. Spring planting is too early due to low soil temperature and unstable temperature range, which is not conducive to root growth. The autumn planting principle is in principle the mature lignification of raspberry seedlings until the soil is frozen (from October to December).

2. Planting methods. The raspberry planting methods include single planting and strip planting. Single plants are suitable for planting on sporadic land near the house and black raspberries with weak fertility. The plant spacing of each plant line is 2 meters. Ribbon planting is suitable for large-scale planting. The row spacing for planting is 2.5 meters and the plant spacing is 0.3 meters. There are 330 planting holes per acre. The spacing of non-submerged and cold-proof areas is 1.5 meters with a spacing of 0.8 meters and 555 planting holes per acre. Whether single planting or strip planting, it is appropriate to plant 2 to 3 plants per hole.

3. Planting requirements. Before planting, the roots of seedlings should be soaked in water for 12-24 hours to allow the roots to absorb enough water. Planting requires deep and shallow burial. Deep-rooted plants should be 10-15 cm from the ground. Shallow depth should be within 30 centimeters around the seedlings, and do not exceed the original soil marks on the shoots.

After the raspberry is planted in spring, it usually takes 1 to 2 months to remove the basal shoots. This is a particular difference between the raspberry and other fruit trees. After the autumn planting, the raspberry roots resumed growth before the soil became frozen, which not only improved the survival rate, but also promoted the production of the second year. Therefore, the survival rate of the raspberry autumn plant was higher than that of the spring planting.

4. Management technology. 1 Stretched and tied. Although raspberries are erect types except for black raspberry varieties, raspberry shoots usually only grow for 2 years and are relatively thin. When the branches grow to 1.5 meters, they tend to bow and touch the ground, especially in the result period. So, the raspberry should be tied during the growth. It is very simple to set up a tie and lead in a row every 5 to 10 meters in the row, 1.2 to 1.5 meters high, and pull two wires, the upper wire fixed at the top of the pillar, the lower wire 1 meters away from the ground, the fan fan cited Tie to the wire.

2 reasonable trim. The first time pruning is performed in the early spring to plant pruning, and the dense and weak branches and broken branches must be cut off. When the new shoot grows to 40-60 centimeters in length, the less dense plants can be picked up to promote the sprouting of lateral buds and increase the amount of branches; the second trimming is the trimming of the basal shoots (that is, new shoots of the year). Production practice shows that it is the most suitable for the basal branches to remain within 1.3 to 1.5 meters. This length promotes the growth of the resulting mother twigs, increases the yield, and promotes the complete differentiation of basal shoots in the second year. Each year, six or eight strong basal branches are selected for each strain, and the rest are cut off. This is a reasonable branching density: the third time pruning is after the harvest, and the resulting mother trees must be sparsely removed.

3 Fertilizer and water management The basal fertilizer should be applied in the early autumn, when the roots begin to enter the growth peak. At this time, fertilization can improve the soil nutrient conditions, promote root growth, and lay a foundation for the second year of high yield. Basal fertilizers are mainly farmyard manures, but they can also add appropriate amount of chemical fertilizers such as urea and ammonium phosphate. When fertilizing, fertilize on the side of 40-60 cm away from the plants, fertilize 0.7 kg per plant. Mix the basal fertilizer with the soil and change to the other side of the plant during the second year of fertilization. Top dressing is divided into two times, mainly based on the characteristics of the phenology period of the raspberry supplements available fertilizer. The first top-dressing stage was dominated by nitrogen fertilizer from flowering to young fruit formation, mainly promoting basal shoot growth and fruit enlargement. The second top dressing was at the late harvest of the fruit. This fertilizer is mainly composed of phosphorus and potash fertilizers. Its purpose is to promote the growth of basal shoots and lay a foundation for high yields in the coming year. On average, 50 grams of fertilization is applied to each culm and fertilization is applied at a distance of 50 cm from the plants, preferably with a thin layer of soil. In areas where dry and dry rain is not suitable for top dressing, fertilizers can be sprayed on branches or leaves for extra-root fertilizer. Water is an important part of any plant growth. For raspberry, in the spring budding stage, when drought occurs during flowering, special attention should be paid and timely watering to ensure the yield. Raspberry is a shallow rooted plant with a soaking depth of about 40 cm. It is also necessary to pay attention to the timely drainage of rainy seasons and depressions. In cold regions, it is possible to fill frozen water to increase the water storage capacity of the soil in the second year of spring. In arid regions, straw, weeds, leaves, and other organic matter can be covered around raspberries, which can reduce water evaporation and increase soil fertility.

4 tillage weeding. The raspberry garden carries out 2 to 3 times of cultivating and weeding every year. For the weeding of the loose soil, it is necessary to eliminate the early, small, and addition, and chemical herbicides can also be used. At the same time, in order to improve the land utilization rate and economic efficiency, and solve the source of organic fertilizer in the land, some short green manure crops such as beans, potatoes and vegetables can be planted in the raspberry garden.

5 timely harvest. Raspberry berry matures, such as fresh food near the sale, need to be picked when the fruit is ripe at nine points, and use small packaging; if it is industrial deep processing, can wait until the fruit is fully mature and then harvest.

6 winter cold. In areas with severe cold in winter, measures should be taken to prevent cold, and the cold-proof time should not be too early. Generally, in the early winter after several early frosts, the soil is not completely frozen. When burying in the cold, first cut the raspberry basal branches as required, and push them straight down in one direction along the row. Stack the pillow soil at the bends of the twigs to prevent heavy pressure after the burial. When the soil is buried, it must be photographed in order to prevent wind penetration. Take the soil 1 meter away from the plants to prevent root damage. When spring soil withdrawal time is generally stable at 3 to 5°C when the ground temperature is 10 cm, it is necessary to withdraw the soil on both sides and then remove the soil on the soil so as to prevent bruising. After the soil is removed, the branches must be attached to the shelf.

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