Speaking of organic fertilizer, readers are most familiar with it. We all know that organic fertilizer contains more comprehensive nutrients. In addition to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, it also contains a large amount of medium and micro nutrients, which can better meet crops. The need for multiple mineral nutrients. The application of organic fertilizer is conducive to soil health and enhances soil fertility. Although organic fertilizer is good, there are many places worth noting in the selection and application. Therefore, the author makes an introduction on how to choose organic fertilizer and the matters needing attention during the application process for readers' reference.

1. Choose to follow three principles

Look at the raw materials. There are many raw materials for selecting organic fertilizers, and the quality is also uneven. The effect is also very different. Commonly used are livestock manure, municipal sludge, paper mill pulp, lignin and cakes. Although the organic matter content of lignin raw materials is high, it is difficult to decompose lignin in the soil. The effect of fertilizer can be imagined.

Choose decomposed organic fertilizer. After the fresh farmyard manure is applied to the soil, the organic nutrients contained in the soil cannot be immediately absorbed and utilized by the crops, and after the unfertilized farmyard manure is applied to the soil, the unfertilized organic fertilizer contains pathogens, eggs and weed seeds. And high temperature and organic acid are produced during the decomposing process, which seriously endangers the normal growth of crops. Therefore, organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed before it can be applied.

Choose the right organic fertilizer. When growing long-term vegetable crops such as melons and tomatoes, do not simply use commercial organic fertilizers, or simply measure or choose a certain organic fertilizer based on price. Fertilizer can be applied in the late stage according to the crop needs, and the shortcoming of the short-term effective period of commercial organic fertilizer can be avoided.

2, should not be blindly applied

Fertilize according to soil fertility. The amount of fertilizer is determined according to the soil fertility and the target yield. For high-fertilization plots, the soil fertility is strong, and the proportion of fertilizers in the whole growth period is reduced appropriately, and the proportion of fertilizers in the late growth period is increased. For low-fertility soils, the soil supply is less, and the amount of base fertilizer should be increased. top dressing. In particular, it is necessary to increase the amount of organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer of the low-fertility plot. The organic fertilizer not only needs to provide the nutrients needed for the growth of the season crop, but also fertilize the soil.

Fertilize according to soil texture. Sand land should be increased by applying organic fertilizers, improve soil organic matter content, improve soil physical and chemical properties, and enhance fertilizer and water retention performance. However, for high-quality organic fertilizers with high nutrient content, the dosage should not be too much. If the application is excessive, the seedlings are easy to be burned, and the fast-acting nutrients that are transformed are also easily lost. The high-quality organic fertilizer with high nutrient content can be applied multiple times with the base fertilizer and top dressing.

Clay has good fertilizer and water retention performance, and nutrients are not easy to lose. However, the soil is slowly fed, the soil is tight, the permeability is poor, and the organic components are slowly decomposed in the soil. The organic fertilizer applied in clay must be fully decomposed; the supply of clay nutrients is slow, and the organic fertilizer should be applied early, close to the root of the crop.

Dryland soil. Insufficient water supply hinders the migration of nutrients to the root surface in the soil solution, affecting the absorption and utilization of nutrients by crops. Organic fertilizers should be added in large quantities to increase soil aggregate structure, improve soil permeability, and enhance soil water storage and water retention capacity.

3. How to store in autumn and winter

Different kinds of organic fertilizers should be stored in the warehouse in a single storage, labelled, marked with the name and chemical composition, and must not be mixed. Ammonium-based organic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium hydrogen nitrate, ammonium chloride and ammonia water are likely to cause nitrogen volatilization, reduce fertilizer efficiency, and cause undue loss when encountering alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash, lime and lime nitrogen.

Organic fertilizer should be stored in a dry place in the warehouse, waterproof and moisture-proof. Organic fertilizers are generally soluble in water. They are easily agglomerated or become liquid after being damp or wet, which seriously affects fertilizer efficiency. When storing, be careful not to damage the bag, do not pile it up outdoors, let it wind, snow cover, and sun. Also use wooden boards in the room, 0.3 meters above the ground, do not pile up the same organic fertilizer.

Organic fertilizer should be stored in a place protected from low temperature and light. Nitrogen fertilizer is afraid of heat. After heat, nitrogen will turn into ammonia gas and run away, reducing the effectiveness. In particular, ammonium nitrate is flammable and explosive. Never mix it with flammable materials such as gasoline, alcohol or sulfur in a warehouse to avoid accidents. (Hubei Agriculture)

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