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Cultivation Technique of Winter Pepper Interplanting Spring Waxy Corn
With the popularization of eco-agriculture, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Coastal Region has taken full advantage of local winter temperature, light, and water resources advantages and applied the “Pig-Marsh Fertilizer-Pepper-Wheat-Rice-Rice†model to actively develop winter pepper breeding. Spring corn. Generally, the output per acre of pepper is 1,800-2,500 kilograms, the output value is 2,500-3,500 yuan, the output of fresh waxy corn is 700 kilograms, the output value is 800 yuan, and the output of rice is 500 kilograms, and the output value is 800 yuan. The annual output value of 4100 to 5100 yuan per mu, after deducting the cost, net income per mu of 3100 to 4100 yuan. This ecologically non-polluting agricultural production model has resulted in fewer occurrences of crop pests and diseases, reduced drug costs, guaranteed product quality and safety, and gained both money and grain harvests, resulting in significant economic benefits. It has now become a way for farmers to accept the increase in income. Now we will introduce the main points of cultivation techniques as follows. 1. Interplanting Methods Peppers are planted in early October and are transferred from late October to early November after the late rice harvest. Select the fields with irrigation conditions to grow peppers, deep-fall 15 days in advance, require shallow ploughing for soil preparation, apply 250,000 kilograms of fully-fermented biogas fertilizer or other organic fertilizer per acre, and apply calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per acre. 75 kg, potassium chloride 20 kg as a base fertilizer, fertilize till the fertilizer is fully mixed with the soil, and then start the ditch every 100 cm, the turtle's back surface is made into a turtle shape, and the surface width is 70 cm. The width of the ditch is 30 centimeters, the height of the clam is 20 centimeters, two rows of chilli peppers are planted in each clam, and the small row spacing is 40 centimeters. The spacing of the plants is 30 to 35 centimeters and about 4000 plants per mu. After pepper is picked 3 to 5 times, it will be interplanted with waxy corn in the middle and late February of the following year. The corn seeds soaked with biogas slurry are planted in the middle of the pepper pods. Each pod is planted with a spacing of 25 to 28 cm and about 2500 to 3,000 plants per mu. Second, pepper selection, nursery 1. Selection of disease-resistant, high-quality, high yield, resistance to storage and transportation, good commercial nature, to adapt to market varieties. In recent years, the varieties of winter pepper planted in this area are the hybrid yellow pepper with Xinfeng No.5, Nongfeng No.41, Yuefeng 9625, and Jiaojiao No.4. 2. Nursery seedbed soil should use clean topsoil with good pellet structure, plus fully decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer and plant ash, fully mix and mix nutrient soil in a ratio of 5:1:1, and spray 50% carbendazim 600. The soil was disinfected with the liquid and then made into a 1-meter-wide seedbed. Two days before sowing, peppers should be seeded in order to enhance seed vigor. Soak seeds with 10% trisodium phosphate for 20 minutes or soak in warm water at 55°C for 15 minutes, then soak in normal-temperature water for 3 to 4 hours, and rinse the seed coats. After the mucus is dry, it can be sown. Generally, 5~10g seeds are sown per square meter of seedbed, and 48% of Loess is sprayed after sowing to prevent underground pests and ants from dragging seeds. Then, straw is used to cover the surface and prevent rainwater from flushing. After the pepper seedlings are unearthed, they should be sprayed sooner or later to prevent drought, keep the soil moist, and cultivate strong seedlings to lay a good foundation for the early maturing and high yield. Pepper seedlings grow to 7 to 10 leaves, and plant heights of 15 to 18 cm can be transplanted. The day before transplantation, the biogas slurry or 0.3% imported compound fertilizer solution was used to deliver the manure once, and a 1.5% phytosanitary agent 800 times solution plus 10% imidacloprid 2500 times was used to prevent pests and diseases. 3. Pepper Field Management 1. After 15 to 20 days of planting hot pepper, we combine weeding and weeding, applying 5 kg of urea per acre and 20 kg of imported compound fertilizer to promote the healthy growth of pepper seedlings, laying a good foundation for early maturing, high yield, and safe winter; Into the fruitful period of flowering, to re-apply strong fruit fertilizer, generally every harvest 2 times, combined with loose soil topdressing 1 times, each time urea applied 3 kg per mu, imported compound fertilizer 10 kg, peanut bran 7.5 kg, promote more than pepper Flowering results. During the growth of the whole pepper, the moisture is mainly moist, and attention should be paid to timely drought and drought. 2. Baohua Baoguo Early spring peppers are sometimes caused by falling rain due to low temperature and rain. In addition, foliar fertilizers were sprayed in the later stage of the results, combined with pesticide application, combined with pest control, to prevent premature plant failure. 3. Harvesting of winter peppers is mainly based on green harvesting. The green ripe fruit has grown up fully, the fruit is yellow-green, and the flesh is hypertrophic and shiny, about 20 to 25 days after flowering. As a result of continuous flowering, harvesting should be carried out in batches in a timely manner to reduce the burden on the plants to ensure the quality of commercial fruits and to promote fruit enlargement in the later period and increase production. 4. Pest control In the production of pepper 10 to 15 days after colonization, 30-40 pieces of yellow plates (2540 cm) are hung per acre. The use of yellow plates to trap aphids can greatly reduce the occurrence of viral diseases. In the prevention and control of pharmaceuticals, the main prevention is to strictly control the amount of pesticides and safety intervals: epidemic disease is treated with 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc 500 times or 64% antiviral 500 times; virus disease 1.5% phytosanitary 800 Double liquid control; cotton bollworm, aphids with 20% imidacloprid 2500 times or 2.5% deltamethrin 1000 times control; fleas with 1.8% insect pest control 2500 times. 4. Waxy corn field management should select glutinous maize varieties with high yield, thin skin, sweet and soft, wide adaptability and good commercial quality. The main varieties of the current planting area in the region are No.7, black waxy corn and Zhongwan No.1. Wait. The management of fertilizer and water in the early stage of waxy corn is synchronized with that of pepper. The pepper field is fertilized with plenty of fertilizer, but the waxy corn may not be topdressed separately. In the middle and late April, the temperature is getting higher, the price of pepper is low, the flowering result is reduced, and the plants begin to age. Can remove the pepper, promote the growth and development of waxy corn. When the glutinous corn grows up to the big bell mouth, it is reapplied once to attack the manure fertilizer, applying 20 kg of urea per acre, 10 kg of potassium chloride, and using a 48% Kraft emulsion 1000 times to spray once to control the corn borer, so as to facilitate the late corn rotation. Growth and development, promote fullness, and achieve high yields. Artificial pollination during pollination can increase the number of grains and reduce baldness. In case of rainy weather, artificial pollination should be strengthened. Fresh glutinous corn is suitable for harvesting about 25 days after spinning, that is, after harvesting glutinous corn in mid-to-late June, the late rice can be prepared for cultivation.