Early maturing cultivation technology of winter melon plastic film

Winter melon plastic film sheds are cultivated early, because of the simple construction of the facilities and flexible materials, only the small bamboo rafts and straw mats can be used to obtain the effect of heat preservation and cold protection. The cultivation of winter melons is early and the economic benefits are high. Suitable for development in areas with poor economic conditions and production levels.

(1) Selection of varieties: The cultivation of small arch sheds is limited by the cultivation environment. It is required to select short growth period, strong early maturity, low female flowering node, weak plant growth, small leaf area, low temperature tolerance and shade tolerance. A precocious variety that is strong and suitable for close planting. This cultivation method is based on early maturity to pursue high yield. Suitable varieties include a string of bells in Beijing, a small melon in Jilin, and a beetle in Nanjing.

(2) Early sowing and cultivating strong seedlings: The colonization period of small arch sheds with straw curtains is about 20 days earlier than that of ordinary open field cultivation, so the seeding period of winter melon should be advanced more than 20 days earlier. Winter melon seedlings have higher requirements for growth temperature, so it is best to use electric hotbed seedlings or greenhouse seedlings.

(3) Timely colonization: When melon seedlings grow to 4 leaves and 1 heart, they can be colonized. The density of colonization is 40 cm 33 cm, and about 5,000 plants per acre are planted. Watering immediately after planting, strengthening cold insulation measures at night, double-layer straw curtains can be used to prevent cold damage. In order to increase the soil temperature, it should be covered with a plastic film.

(4) Field management: Since the early stage is covered with small arch shed cultivation, special attention should be paid to temperature regulation management. The temperature inside the plastic film shed is mainly adjusted by means of uncovering the film, ventilation and light transmission. The focus of planting is to promote slow seedlings, prompting the roots to recover quickly. It is necessary to increase the temperature and ground temperature in the shed as much as possible, and increase the light so that the temperature in the shed is maintained at 28-32 °C during the day and 15-18 °C at night. When the new leaves occur after the seedlings are slowed down, it is possible to gradually start to release the wind at noon on sunny days, so that the small arches can be properly cooled at noon. In the future, according to the weather changes, attention should be paid to strengthening the ventilation management to adjust the temperature in the small arch shed. The flowering and fruiting period requires a suitable temperature of 25 to 28 ° C during the day and 15 to 18 ° C during the night. If the temperature is too high, especially if the night temperature is too high, the seedlings will grow too much and consume nutrients too much, affecting flowering pollination. As the weather gets warmer, the amount of ventilation must be gradually increased, and if necessary, the film can be uncovered at noon to maintain the desired temperature and delay the mat in the evening. During the fruit development period, attention should be paid to strengthening the light intensity, prolonging the illumination time, and ensuring the appropriate temperature for photosynthesis, 28 to 30 ° C during the day and 15 to 18 ° C during the night. The cover can be completely removed during the daytime, and if it reaches the temperature range at night, it can be covered, resulting in obvious temperature difference between day and night, in order to facilitate the accumulation of photosynthetic products and promote the full expansion of the fruit.

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