Short bitter gourd is an excellent local bitter gourd variety, mainly distributed in Xinluo, Yongding, Shanghang and other places in Longyan City. The variety is rich in nutrients, meat is dense and brittle, the quality is good, the water is less, and the taste is bitter, which is favored by consumers. Moreover, it is resistant to storage and transportation, is resistant to extensive management, has moderate yield, and has fewer pests and diseases. It is an ideal pollution-free vegetable with broad cultivation prospects. The characteristics and cultivation techniques are introduced as follows: First, the characteristics of the feature. The plant climbs and grows, has strong branching, palm palm-shaped pentagon, deep crack, leaf length 21 cm, width 13.5 cm, petiole length 10 cm. The first female flower was born in the eighth section of the main vine. The fruit is spindle shaped. The product peel is light green and white, and the old ripe fruit is orange-red. The fruit surface has a ridge, a knob-like protrusion that is large and dense, and has no wax powder or bristles. The fruit has a diameter of 6 cm and a longitudinal diameter of 6.5 cm. The average fruit weight is 170 g, and the maximum is 500-600 g. The average yield per acre is 1000 kg, and the maximum is 1250 kg. It is a medium-maturing variety, from planting to harvesting for 110 days, from planting to harvesting for 90 days, with strong heat resistance, low cold tolerance, drought tolerance and strong resistance to pests and diseases. Second, cultivation techniques 1. Selection of melons: Use the melons of the main vines on the 10th and 12th sections. The yield of such melons is high, and the melons are early, which has the characteristics of the morning market. 2, sowing seedling: short bitter gourd planted in Longyan City mainly in spring sowing and autumn sowing, in recent years, gradually promoted the new cultivation mode of early spring cultivation and autumn delay and alpine anti-season, and improved cultivation in early spring, such as using two layers of cover (small Arch shed + mulch) or spring open field cultivation (small arch shed in seedling stage) is sown in early February to early March; autumn sowing is sown in early July; late autumn cultivation is sown in mid-August-September. 0.2 kg per acre. Soak seeds with 55 ° C warm water for 15 minutes before sowing, then continue soaking for 36-48 hours at room temperature, rinse thoroughly, germination at 30 ° C constant temperature, and rinse once a day with warm water. When 70-80% of the seeds are white, they are planted in the pre-prepared nutrient bowl, and the cover film and small arch shed planted early in the spring are taken care of, and the film and temperature management are removed after emergence, and 5-7 days before planting. Refining seedlings are generally transplanted at the time of 3 leaves and 1 heart. 3. Soil preparation and fertilization: Select the land with deep soil, fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, and no planting of melon crops for at least 3 years. After harvesting, it will be deepened by about 25 centimeters and 50-75 kilograms of lime per acre. Before the whole hoeing, the base fertilizer is applied, and the organic fertilizer is applied 1500-2000 kg per mu, 30-40 kg of superphosphate, 10-15 kg of potassium sulfate, 15-20 kg of cake fertilizer, and then covered with soil for sputum. 100-120 cm, the whole surface is 60-80 cm wide and 25-35 cm high. In the early spring planting, the mulch should be covered, and the mulch should be covered with mulch and then pressed with clods. 4, colonization: When the seedling grows to 3 leaves and 1 heart, choose sunny planting, planting in double rows, planting 1 meter from spring and 0.8 meter in autumn. In the early spring mulching cultivation, the mulch at the planting hole is cut into a round hole according to the plant spacing, and a certain acupoint is excavated. The small seedlings in the nursery stalk (bag) are taken out and planted in the hole, and the open field nursery directly digs the seedling soil. Planting, planting water in a timely manner after planting. 5, field management: 3-5 days after planting can be applied to 10% of manure manure as a seedling fertilizer, after 20-8 days to apply 20% of manure manure or 15:15:15 compound fertilizer per acre 3 -5 kg, urea 5-6 kg for water application. When the first melon grows to the size of the broad bean pod, 20% of the decomposed human and animal waste water is applied, or 15 kg of urea per acre is applied to the water. After the first batch of melons were harvested, deep application between the plants was carried out, and 20 kg of 15:15:15 compound fertilizer per acre was applied, and the soil was watered after covering the soil. During the fruiting period, every 5-7 days, 500 kg of manure and urine were added, 3 kg of urea, 5 kg of superphosphate, and 5-8 kg of potassium sulfate. If the film is covered, the residual film should be recovered in time to facilitate the pouring of water. After being fertilized, the greenhouse should be ventilated to prevent the fertilizer from being damaged by the high concentration of ammonia in the greenhouse. In the early spring greenhouse cultivation, the soil moisture should be properly controlled before the results to increase the soil temperature. In the spring rain season, it is necessary to do a good job of clearing the ditch. In case of drought, it should be combined with fertilization for timely watering or furrow irrigation. Use 3 meters of bamboo strips or wooden strips to form a herringbone frame about 2.5 meters high. When the plant grows to 30 cm, the vines are put on the shelves. When the main vine grows to 50 cm or more, the whole vines begin to be cut, and the side vines of the base are cut off. The first female flower on the main vine is generally removed, so that the second female flower is melon. When pruning, cut all the side branches below 50 cm, and remove the yellow leaves and thin side branches at any time to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. When the insects that transmit pollen are less, artificial pollination should be carried out. The pollination should be carried out at 6-7 am when the male and female flowers are open on the same day. When pollinating, the male flowers should be removed first, the corolla should be removed, and the pollen should be gently applied to the stigma of the female flowers. Just fine. 6. Pest control: The diseases mainly include blight, stagnation, anthracnose, blight and powdery mildew. Seeds were sterilized with formalin 100 times in immersion for 30 minutes. Blight and stagnation can be controlled by spraying 200 mg/kg of agricultural streptomycin or 50% thiram WP 800 times with 72% Plex water 800 times. In the early stage of the disease, anthracnose is treated with 25% charringer wettable powder 1000 times solution or 70% formazan mixture wettable powder 400-600 times solution. Powdery mildew is treated with 25% nitrile emulsifiable concentrate 6000-8000 times solution, or 25% powder rusting WP powder 2000-2500 times solution. The control of blight is controlled by 30% dibasic acid copper (succinic acid copper) wettable powder 300 times liquid or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times liquid. The main pests are yellow stalks, melons, and mites. Huang Shou melon uses 40% fenvalerate 8000 times or 8000 times solution to control adult worms, and 90% trichlorfon 1500-2000 times to control larvae. The melon is treated with 0.5% emamectin (three orders) emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times, or 40% chlorpyrifos (new agricultural treasure) emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times. The aphids are sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 20 g per acre and 50 kg of water. 7. Harvest at the right time: When the young melon grows up, the melons are obvious, the peel is shiny, and the color of the top of the fruit begins to be harvested from green to white. The results were harvested once every 5-6 days, and once every 2-3 days during the fruiting period. Third, the seed retention technology: Because bitter gourd is an insect-mediated cross-pollination crop, easy to hybridize with other bitter melon varieties to produce mixed, so the planting must be naturally isolated, that is, there can be no other bitter melon varieties within 1000 meters. Bitter gourd is generally 18-20 days from flowering to seed maturation. When the lower end of the melon is just beginning to appear orange-red, the seed is harvested in time when it has not been cracked. The collected melons should be cut open after about 2 days, and then the seeds should be washed with water, dried, and ventilated. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone Retractable Cable Reel,Portable Water Hose Reel,Retractable Water Hose Reel,Retractable Electrical Cable Reel NINGBO QIKAI ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD , https://www.cxhosereel.com