What are the main points of high-quality cultivation techniques for asparagus in the open field? Asparagus has high nutritional value and health value, good market prospects and high efficiency. Now more and more vegetable farmers are aiming at this planting market. Asparagus likes sandy loam, which is rich in organic matter, and is extremely impatient, so pay attention to drainage during the rainy season. 1 breeding method 2. The breeding method of asparagus is divided into two types: ramets and seed. 2 Cultivation techniques 2.1 selection of varieties Generally, a new variety of green light can be selected, which has good commerciality and high yield. The plant is dwarf, resistant to disease and lodging, and is a combination of green and white bamboo shoots. It is an ideal production species at present. 2.2 Nutrition, cultivating strong seedlings In the northern greenhouses, greenhouses or solar greenhouses are used to raise seedlings, which is conducive to increasing the seedling rate, cultivating strong seedlings, and lightly planting when transplanting, which is conducive to the early development of strong seedlings and the purpose of planting and early high yield. 2.2.1 Prepare adequate nutrition钵 Firstly, the loose sand loam with higher fertility level is selected as the seedbed, and the seedbed is 1.3~1.5 meters wide and 10-15 cm deep. Before the mash, each cubic nutrient soil should be fertilized with 15-20 kg of decomposed chicken manure, 1 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 5 kg of plant ash. The carcass has a diameter of 8 cm or more and a height of 10 cm. It requires 2,500 pieces per acre of field. 2.2.2 soaking seeds and germination Asparagus seeds are thick and have lipids and absorb water slowly. First, soak seeds with 50% carbendazim 300~500 times for 24 hours, then soak seeds in 25~30 °C warm water for 2~3 days, and replace the new water 2~3 times a day. After soaking seeds, wrap it with clean gauze, germination at 25~30 °C, and pouring it with warm water at 25 °C for 1~2 times every day during germination. Or soak it in warm water at 55 °C for 15 minutes, then soak it in normal temperature water for 12~24 hours, wash it clean, wrap it in disinfected wet gauze or towel, and germination in the environment of 28~30 °C, when 80% of asparagus Seeds can be sown when they are white. 2.3 suitable sowing Before planting, the nutrients are immersed in water, and each one is smashed. After sowing, the fine soil is 2 cm thick. Then apply poison baits to prevent underground pests. Finally, the mulch film was tiling, and the double-film covering was applied to the shackle with a bow cover film. 2.4 seedbed management Seedbed management should focus on adjusting temperature and humidity, cultivating strong seedlings, and controlling pests and diseases. The bed temperature before emergence is 20~30°C during the day and not lower than 12°C at night. When the first 70% of the seedlings were unearthed, the mulch film was removed and the seedlings were gradually ventilated. When the seedlings are about 20 cm high, the method of ventilation and no film peeling can be adopted to adapt the seedlings to the external environment. This period keeps the seedbed moist. The seedlings should be thin and weak, and the seedlings should be supplemented with fertilizer and water. Timely removal of weeds in the seedbed, and detection of aphids and other hazards in a timely manner. 2.5 Soil selection and site preparation Asparagus is suitable for sandy soil with loose soil and fertile soil, good gas permeability, deep soil layer and rich organic matter, which is beneficial to root development and high quality and high yield of tender stems. Excessively large and sticky silt is not suitable for asparagus growth. Before planting, combined with deep tillage and land preparation, apply 3~4 square meters of organic fertilizer per acre, 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer after ploughing, and do a good job in field irrigation and drainage project. The north-south line will be excavated and planted. The line spacing is 1.2~1.5 meters, the groove width is 40~50 cm, and the depth is 30~40 cm. In the ditch before transplanting, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, 40 kg of cake fertilizer and 2~3 square meters of organic fertilizer were applied. Apply evenly into the trench and mix well with the backfill soil. It is advisable to plant the ditch 10 cm from the ground when transplanting. One plant is planted every 25~30 cm, and 1500~2000 holes are planted per acre. Do the grading of the seedlings, planting, watering, covering soil and other operations at one time. One strong seedling was planted per hole, and two weak plants were planted per hole. The strong and weak seedlings were planted separately. When planting, it should be planted in orientation, that is, the end of the underground stalk with the scaly bud should be in the same direction along the ditch, arranged in a straight line, so that it is convenient to pick up the bamboo shoots later. After the seedlings are born and the new stems are released, it is necessary to gradually fill the planting ditch in stages. 2.6 Field Management 2.6.1 Checking seedlings After planting for 1 month, check the seedlings and make up the seedlings. When the seedlings are replenished, the bottom water should be poured to ensure survival. The seedlings that have been planted should still pay attention to the directional planting. 2.6.2 Watering Asparagus metamorphosis needle-like stems are like needles, evaporation is greatly reduced, so asparagus is more drought-tolerant, but timely watering is a necessary condition for high yield of asparagus. After planting, timely watering and slowing down the seedlings, and then covering the soil after the water has been infiltrated, and then timely watering according to weather conditions and changes in public opinion. In summer and autumn, the temperature is high and the water consumption is high. It is necessary to ensure that the soil has enough water to ensure the normal growth of the plants. The winter water is poured before the winter freeze to facilitate the safe wintering of the asparagus. 2.6.3 Topdressing: Dilute the dung water 1 to 10 days after planting to facilitate the live roots. In the early stage of planting, the application of light fertilizer should be adopted to promote the early onset of seedlings. Fertilization should be applied once every time the soil is weeded and the new stems are pumped once. Fertilization should be used to decompose the fresh manure, or every 667 square meters. Compound fertilizer 5 kg. It is necessary to apply more fertilizers such as grass ash and coke ash. As the seedling grows, the amount of fertilizer used should be gradually increased, causing the plant to be thick and the root plate to expand. After the fall, apply 1 autumn fertilizer, 667 square meters of organic fertilizer 250~1000 kg, or compound fertilizer 10~15 kg, or the corresponding urea and phosphorus potash, and end the fertilization in late October. After entering the harvesting period, increase the number of top dressings and the amount of topdressing. 2.6.4 Keep the mother stem at the right time In order to achieve annual production, the method of leaving the mother stem can be used. Generally, after 15 to 20 days of harvest in the spring, the asparagus begins to retain the mother stem when the growth is weakened. When leaving the mother stem, choose a stem with a diameter of 0.8 to 1.2 cm. 2.6.5 weeding soil In the growing season, weeding and weeding should be carried out in time according to the situation. After each weeding, properly cultivate 1~2 cm and gradually increase the height of the covering to about 10 cm. 2.6.6 Anti-mite moisturizing It is necessary to open the drainage ditch in time, and the ditch and canal are connected to each other so that there is no water in the ditch after the rain. In the case of continuous drought, the horse must be hydrated. 4 harvesting 4.1 Shooting time Generally, asparagus cultivation can be harvested in the second year, and the third year reaches the high yield year. Asparagus generally begins to shoot bamboo shoots in early April. The length of the bamboo shoots is related to the shoot age, and the long shoot harvest period is long. The time for collecting bamboo shoots is generally 7:9 am and 5-6 pm. 4.2 collecting bamboo shoots The length of the bamboo shoots depends on the specifications of the processing plant. The length is generally 18~20 cm. If the length is too short, it will directly affect the asparagus yield. 4.3 It is reasonable to take bamboo shoots Generally, it is 2~3 cm below the surface, and it is easy to rot when it is too high, so that the new sprouted shoots around it are infected with rust. The harvested asparagus should be covered with a damp cloth and refrigerated or sold in time. 4.4 Qingyuan Pruning From mid-late December to late February, the stalks have all died. It is necessary to thoroughly clear the garden, remove the dead stems in time, remove the weeds, and concentrate on burning to reduce the occurrence of diseases. The above is the whole content of the open-cropping cultivation technology of northern asparagus brought to you by Xiaobian today. Welcome to the vegetable farmers who have the idea of ​​planting asparagus to learn more! Also known as electronic chemical materials. Generally refers to the electronics industry uses specialized chemicals and chemical materials, that is, electronic components, printed circuit boards, industrial and consumer production and packaging of various chemicals and materials. 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