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Garlic seed selection and purification and rejuvenation
Because garlic is vegetatively propagated, garlic is an abnormal lateral bud and a component of garlic. Long-term vegetative propagation will inevitably lead to the accumulation of viruses in the body and accumulation of other undesirable traits, resulting in the degenerative degradation of garlic. The degraded garlic plant is short and has low photosynthetic capacity, the garlic head becomes smaller and the quality is degraded, which seriously affects the yield and benefit of garlic. How to choose and maintain the rejuvenation of garlic? Based on my experience in garlic production in recent years, several key technologies are introduced for your reference. I. Establishment of garlic residues in different places Establishing garlic farming with certain regional differences and differences in cultivation can avoid garlic degradation, increase the seed quality of garlic, and have certain advantages in off-site growth, such as exchange between mountainous areas and plains, and between arid areas and rice areas. Vegetable garden and food area exchange. Exchange in different directions in different directions, such as southern and northern, eastern and western, can all improve the seed's seeding and yield to varying degrees. Second, choose the variety with the characteristics of disease-free pest-free garlic to garlic garlic seeds in the seed field to stay in garlic harvest time, the selection criteria for the species with the morphological characteristics of the plant, leaves no lesions, garlic hypertrophy, uniform color , moderate number of garlic, no insect source, virus-free kind of garlic. After the election, it will be tied into a small bundle to collect a single receipt. Note that garlic must be dried and stored under cool and ventilated conditions. High temperature and high humidity will reduce the vitality of garlic scale buds and even cause bad seeds. Third, with the air bulb to grow seeds to improve the species of garlic and the vitality of garlic, can use the garlic's aerial bulb breeding. The method is to collect garlic sprouts in late growth period of garlic, not to harvest garlic sprouts, and delay the harvest time of the garlic bulbs 15-20 days. When the garlic sprouts turn yellow and the air bulbs are mature, collect them and filter the leaves over a diameter of 0.4 cm. In mid-September, ditch the seedlings on the raft and spread them. The number of seedlings per acre is between 12 and 150,000, and then the cover soil is about 2 centimeters. After compaction, it is watered. Management is the same as garlic sown with garlic cloves. When air bulbs are sown, under the normal circumstances, the first year old grows garlic, and the head garlic is collected. In the fall, the garlic can grow into a normal garlic. The garlic is obviously enlarged, the quality is good, and the growth is strong. The use of this method to propagate garlic species is the main method for improving garlic species and preventing the degradation of garlic. This method is not suitable for some varieties, such as garlic without garlic or thin, not bulbous garlic can not be used to breed. Fourth, the selection of non-toxic seedlings, the introduction of detoxification garlic species in recent years, research departments to use garlic detoxification measures to retain seed, the detoxification of garlic has a clear role in increasing production. However, it must be the original species or improved varieties. If it is more than 3 generations, the effect of increasing yield is not obvious. The harvest of the detoxified garlic cannot be too late. Otherwise, it may cause loose petals and affect the commodity value of garlic. 5. Garlic that has undergone secondary growth of garlic cannot be preserved. The plots of garlic that grow twice due to unfavorable conditions such as cultivation and climate, ie, "Mawei Garlic," cannot be kept. The secondary growth of garlic itself is a kind of degradation, which affects the yield and quality of garlic. If replanting is selected, the next season will cause secondary growth and severe reduction in production.