In order to promote the cage-free pollution-free large yellow croaker breeding technology, we conducted a production cage culture large yellow croaker experiment in the Xiwei area of ​​Yantian Port in Sandu Bay, Fujian Province. The current situation is summarized as follows:

First, the setting of cages

1, the choice of sea area

The breeding cages are set in the Xiwei area of ​​Yantian Port in Sanduwan, and there are mountains blocking and waves nearby. Smaller, the maximum flow rate in the sea area is 2.0 m/s, the flow direction is straight, and there is no turbulence in the sea. The water quality in the sea meets the national agricultural standard of NY5052-2001 “Water Quality of Harmless Food Aquatic Water” and there is no industrial “three wastes” and other pollution sources in the upstream. There was no red tide during cultivation. The water depth of the aquaculture sea area is more than 6 meters, and the sediment is silty. The annual surface water temperature is between 8-30 degrees centigrade, the salinity is 20-25 degrees, and the transparency is 1.0 meters.

2, the layout and setting of cages

(1) Layout of cages: There are nearly 2,000 common cages in the sea area, including 62 cages in the resident cages, forming an independent cage group. There are 20 cage groups in the cage group and other farmers. Multi-meter wide passage.

(2) Net cage setup: The cage frame is made of 3,000-filament polyvinyl chloride rubber wire ropes, and it is fixed with studs along the east-west direction of the current. Foam plastic floats with polyethylene-lined mesh bags are supported on the water surface. The cage is directly hung in the box, and the bottom corner of the box is hanged with a sand bag. Mesh flow is used in the cage area along the direction of the flow. The flow rate in the cage is within 0.2 m/s. The cages are equipped with collection containers to collect waste, bait, garbage, dead fish, feces, and domestic sewage on the cages. The cage area is equipped with boats to transport them to shore.

Second, adult fish breeding

1, the choice of cages

3.2 meters 3.2 meters 3.5 meters specifications, soft texture of the knot-free network. The size of the mesh is adjusted according to the growth of the fish. When the fish is introduced into the box, the size of the fish is 100-150 g and the average is 120 g. The 20 mm mesh is used, and the mesh size is 35 mm mesh at the later stage.

2, fish species stocking

(1) Selection of fish species: From late March to early April, select fish species cultivated in coastal areas, and quarantine them before purchase. After confirming that no pathogens are carried, choose body shape, robust, disease-free, and no deformity. Scales complete fish species.

(2) Fish species transportation: Generally, live water boats are used to transport fish species, and warm and windy weather is selected. The water temperature is about 14°C. The fish species are not fed within 12 hours before departure and the transportation density is 800/m3. Keep the sea water inside and outside the cabin open and the transportation time is generally within 3 hours.

(3) Stocking of fingerlings: selection for stocking during mid-tide. After the fingerlings reach the cage area, the fingerlings are immersed in a bath of 20 mg/L chlorine dioxide diluted in water. When entering the box, fish species with similar specifications will be placed in the same cage. The stocking density of fingerlings is about 30 tails per cubic metre of 100 grams, and the density before harvest is about 20 tails per cubic meter, which is about 10.0 kg/cubic meter.

3, feed and feeding

(1) Feed type and processing: Frozen squid is used as the main feed. After the meat is chopped, the powdered compound feed is mixed into a viscous lump-shaped feed, which is then squeezed by hand into pieces of appropriate size and fed. In order to prevent deterioration of chilled bait during the hot season, it is advisable to carry out freezing processing and to determine whether formalin is used in chilled bait. In order to meet the nutritional needs of large yellow croaker, add a variety of vitamins and other additives in the feed.

(2) Feeding technology: feeding once a day at a water temperature of 10-15°C, once a day on rainy days. Feed in the afternoon when the temperature is slightly higher; two times a day when the water temperature is above 15°C, and feed once in the morning and evening. The amount of feeding on the day was determined based on the previous day's food intake, as well as the day's weather, water color, changes in tide, and whether or not the cultured fish had been removed. The daily feeding rate in the high temperature season (water temperature 25-30°C) is between 4% and 6%. Before each feeding, draw water in the box so that the fish can develop a habit of feeding in groups. Then, a quick vote will be made at the cluster. When a large number of fish species are spread or sink, they will continue to feed them in small amounts around the ground so that fragile seeds can also eat bait. In some cases, climatic factors only feed on the middle ground. According to the past food intake, they insist on feeding as usual. When the fingerlings do not feed on the ground, the amount of feeding is determined by the "grilling" sounds that are given during feeding. It is not advisable to feed when the water in the cage is turbulent, and to avoid walking back and forth when feeding. After testing, in the adult fish breeding stage, the feed coefficient of the processed chilled feed was slightly higher than 5, while the feed coefficient of the unprocessed small mixed fish and shrimp was as high as 10%.

4. Management practices for cage culture

(1) Washing and fish sorting of cages: According to the cage conditions, changing is performed from time to time. Summer is the season when cages are prone to attachments. In order to keep the flow of water inside and outside the cage clear, depending on the blocking condition of the mesh, it can be changed once every 1-3 months. Dirt when replacing the cage should be collected. With the growth of large yellow croaker, the reasonable density of fish species in the cage is maintained by sorting, and different species of fish in the box are adjusted to re-coil the fish in order to match the specifications of the species in the same cage and promote growth. . Throughout the incubation phase, two sorting operations were performed. Care should be taken in the sorting operation so as not to damage the fish body. The operation time is selected in the early morning or late evening when the sea area is at low tide and the flow velocity is small.

(2) Daily management: Observe the inclination of the cage and the dynamics of the fish when the water flow is acute. Check whether the cage rope is broken or not, and whether the sinker is displaced. In order to prevent the species from jumping out of the box, a net was added to the cage. Remove floating objects from the cage in time. In order to maintain the natural golden color of commercial fish, a shade cloth was put on the cage at the end of the breeding period. Observe the water temperature, specific gravity, transparency and current at regular intervals on a daily basis to observe the clusters, feeding, disease, and death of the fish species. During the high temperature season in the central part of the cage area, care should be taken to prevent overgrowth resulting in hypoxia.

Third, summary and discussion

For the reasonable planning and layout of the sea area, the area of ​​the sea area where the cage is set shall not exceed 10% of the total area of ​​the sea area. After two years of continuous breeding in each independent cage zone or subarea, the baffle devices and cages should be taken back and rested for 3-6 months to allow the bottom sediments to fully transfer and oxidize.

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CAS NO.: 1078-21-3

M.F.: C10H14ClNO2

M.W.: 215.677

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