I. Peanut bacterial wilt disease: It is a soil-borne bacterial disease. The disease is most likely to occur in July after a heavy rainstorm. It can occur from the seedling stage to the harvest stage, and the disease incidence is highest at the flowering stage. The bacteria mainly infects the roots, turning the tip of the main root into soft brown rot, and then spreads to the upper part of the plant until the top of the plant. The diseased plant is dehydration and wilting. Plants last from 7 to 15 days from sickness to death, but when they start to feel sick, they often do not show symptoms. Control methods: l. Select resistant varieties such as Luhua 14, Huayu 16, etc.; 2, a reasonable rotation, such as dry and dry rotation; 3, to improve the cultivation and management, dry sloping land by deep plowing, increasing organic fertilizer, do a good drainage system, create a soil condition that is not conducive to the growth of bacteria and conducive to the growth of peanut plants, enhance plant resistance. 4, pharmaceutical control. With a 90% chlorinated bitter emulsion, dig 10 to 17 cm deep holes every 30 cm. Immediately after infusing 3 ml of liquid into each hole, the surface is covered with grasshoppers or plastic film, which is uncovered after 7 days. Second, leaf spot disease: mainly black spots, brown spot disease, is the disease transmitted by wind and rain and insects, generally in the middle and late stages of peanut growth began, but the peak incidence are in the first half of harvest, leaves, petiole, stipules and Stems can be victimized. If the peanuts grow late in the wet period, the incidence is high. Brown spot occurs at the seedling stage, and lesions of yellow-brown or rust-colored needles form on the leaves at the beginning of the disease, and then gradually expand to form round or irregular lesions ranging in size from 4 mm to 10 mm in diameter. The surface of the lesion on the leaf blade is gray on the surface, brown or light brown on the back, yellow halos around, and gray mold on the surface of late lesions. In severe cases, the lesions merge into large plaques, causing the leaves to dry off. Leaf petioles and stems are oblong, dark brown and slightly sunken. The incidence of black leaf spot disease is all from top to bottom. The onset of disease is slightly later. It generally begins after the flowering stage. It is difficult to distinguish the symptoms of leaf spot and brown spot disease at the early stage of onset. To late lesions mostly round, smaller diameter than brown spot, generally 1 mm to 8 mm, dark brown, the frontal color of the leaves is basically the same, no yellow halos around the lesion or obvious. There are many black spots on the back of the old spot, arranged in a concentric ring pattern, and in wet conditions, a brown-brown moldy material is produced. When the onset is severe, the lesions are densely confluent, causing the leaves to shrink and die off. Petiole and stem lesions oblong, black. Control methods: 1, in addition to field sickness, timely plough preparation, remove peanut straw before field sowing; use of diseased strains of manure, it must be fully cooked before use to reduce the source. 2, take more than 2 years of rotation; rational close planting, scientific fertilization, take effective measures to make plants grow robust and enhance disease resistance. 3, the selection of disease-resistant varieties, such as Acacia 2nd, seaweed and so on. 4. Drug control: In the early stage of disease, when the diseased leaf rate in the field reaches 10-15%, spray 25% carbendazim 400 times, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 400-500 times, spray 1 time in 15 days. , You can spray 2-3 times, such as the above two kinds of drugs and foliar fertilizer mixed spray, and add adhesives, the efficacy will be better. Third, the flower rust disease: is a fulminant epidemic disease, the main bacteria infected leaves, petioles, stipules, stems, stalks, and sometimes can make pods susceptible. At the early stage of disease, the plant leaves grow with needle-sized rash-like leukoplakia on the back of the leaves, yellow spots appear on the symmetry leaves of the white spots, and the lesions on the back of the leaves turn pale yellow and round, and the protrusions appear yellow-brown with epidermis as the lesions expand. Ruptured, exposing rust-colored powder, with an invisible yellow halo around the lesion. Control methods: 1, is the source of disinfection sterilization, spring peanuts completely cleared the field before the seeding seedlings fall seedlings, autumn peanuts harvested, the disease Mandui fermented as a fertilizer; indoor storage of peanuts, autumn peanuts, preferably before the spring peanuts sown. 2, is the selection of more resistant varieties of rust. 3, is to adjust the sowing time to local conditions, in order to avoid the late growth period of high temperature and rainy peak. 4, is a drug control, the use of colloidal sulfur liquid 150 times foliar spray, and can cure both leaf spot disease, or spray with 75% chlorothalonil 500-600 times. IV. Viral diseases: The impact on peanut production is enormous. Virus disease has a wide range of parasites, and the media is peanut locust, soybean meal and so on. Control methods: 1, is the selection of disease-resistant varieties. 2, is a suitable period of early sowing, to avoid the peak of locust damage. 3. It is an early application of antivirus preparations. Based on the prevention and control of aphids, use 5% of bacteria and clear liquid 400 times or 20% of virus A500 times. 5. Root rot: The disease can occur throughout the growing period of peanuts. The susceptible plants were dwarf, and the leaves turned yellow from top to bottom and dried off. The main roots became black and rot until the whole plant died. The disease depends mainly on rain and field transmission. Seedling water in the field, low ground temperature, or too early or too deep sowing are all easy to cause the disease. Control methods: 1. Soil preparation for soil preparation, addition of organic fertilizer, prevention of flooding, and strengthening of field management. 2. Use 50% carbendazim WP to seed 0.3% of the seed amount. Sixth, stem rot Peanut stalk rot, commonly known as "death," often causes the death of whole or side branches of peanuts, resulting in severe reductions in output. Symptoms of stalk rot in the seedling stage mainly manifested as black rot in the cotyledons. With the development of the disease, the petioles all fell and the whole plant wilted. The adult planting stage took place on the first pair of collaterals on the base of the plant. Many small black bulges emerged, causing the death of collateral branches. According to observations, the disease mainly occurred in my county in May - early June. The prevention and control methods are mainly based on comprehensive prevention and control: 1. Rotating crops, avoiding heavy crops and selecting resistant varieties. 2. Strengthen field management. In order to avoid the occurrence of strains, it is necessary to avoid the occurrence of plant wounds at the time of clearing and planting seedlings, and to apply grass ash to the growing period. 3, chemical control. Can be used 50% carbendazim WP according to the seed amount of 0.3% seed dressing, or with 25% carbendazim wettable powder by seed amount of 0.5% seed dressing, with 40% carbendazim suspension 1 kg, against 1000 kg of water, 50-1000 kg of mu is sprayed. After Qimiao, spray once before flowering, the control effect can reach 48.8--99.4%, and it can also treat root rot and black spot, brown spot, etc. Disease. The same effect can also be obtained by spraying with 70% Thiophanate 800--1000 times. 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