Non-pollution Cultivation Techniques of Spring Chinese Cabbage

1. Cultivation Techniques 1.1 Choosing the Appropriate Varieties: Select early-maturing varieties that are resistant to low temperatures, have a short growing season, and can be packaged before the high-temperature season comes. At present, the varieties that are suitable for spring sowing in Liaoning Province include spring and summer kings, spring springs, spring generals, strong ones, golden peaks, early spring yellow hearts, tops, spring and summer bullies, and spring and autumn 56. Generally, the individual plants weigh 3-4 kilograms. 1.2 Select the appropriate sowing date: The appropriate safe seeding period requires that the daily minimum temperature at the seedling stage is above 13°C, which can prevent vernalization and early bolting. The knot period should start before the maximum temperature in the day does not reach 25°C. The ball, the leaf ball grows faster than the growth rate of the calyx, in order to ensure that the excellent leaf ball. In order to ensure a higher temperature during the seedling stage, the ball stage is suitable for the growth and enrichment of the leaf ball, and various forms such as protected areas can be used to extend the growth period and obtain good results. In order to save costs, Yangshuo or solar greenhouses are generally used for nursery. The growth period is extended to about 1 month. Seeding and harvesting periods in Shenyang are shown in Table 1. 1.3 Nursery: Use Yangshuo or sunlight greenhouse nursery. The preparation method of culture soil is 60% of garden soil and 40% of mixed fertilizer. Or in 60% of garden soil, add 25% pig manure, 15% of manure, etc. can be added. For each cubic meter of culture soil, add 30-50 kg of fully decomposed chicken manure, 1 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer, and mix thoroughly with them. It is best to use a 7-8 cm diameter seedling to raise seedlings and cultivate 4-5 seedlings. Usually the seedling age of spring sowing cabbage is about 30 days. 1.4 Management after planting and planting 1 Site preparation, fertilization, ridge cultivation, mulching, and planting: The plot should select plots that have not been planted in the fall, 5000 kilograms of mature quality manure, and 40 kilograms of compound fertilizer. Soil potassium deficiency should also be applied potassium sulfate, plowing, leveling, for ridge (畦). The use of plastic greenhouse cultivation, plastic shed cultivation and mulching film, requires soil moisture is good, lack of moisture content should be filled, and finally cover the film, according to 40 cm 55-60 cm spacing planting. After planting using a small plastic shed, a rattan or the like is used as a skeleton, and a mulch film is covered thereon. 2 temperature control: the use of plastic greenhouse cultivation, plastic greenhouse cultivation, the shed within the daytime temperature is maintained at 20-25 °C, should be promptly released when the temperature exceeds the temperature, the night temperature is controlled above 13 °C. The use of plastic sheds for small greenhouses should be drilled in a timely manner, and the seedlings should be filmed. 3 Moisture Management: Spring sowing cabbage watering principle is less pre-casting, post-multiple pouring. In the early period, the ground temperature is lower, less watering can avoid lowering the ground temperature, which is beneficial to the growth of Chinese cabbage roots; more watering later, can fully supply the Chinese cabbage when the water is needed, but pay attention to the quality of watering each time you water the water. The amount of water should not be so great as to prevent rot. There is no obvious seedling stage in spring sowing cabbage cultivation, rapid development in the rosette period, less rainfall in spring, and large amount of soil evaporation. Therefore, it is not appropriate to control the water excessively, but the amount of watering should not be excessive to avoid lowering the ground temperature. The lack of water is the most unfavorable at the start of the package, and it usually takes 4-5 days to water. In order to avoid the spread of soft rot, in particular to control the amount of water, the water to the ridge (畦) can be. 4 Fertilization management: Spring sowing Chinese cabbage has a short growth period. During the early, middle and late stages of leaf ball growth, it is necessary to pay attention to the management of fertilization to promote the development of the leaf ball as soon as possible so that the vegetative growth rate exceeds the reproductive growth rate and can be successfully formed before the high temperature rainy season. Leaf ball. In addition to the application of basal fertilisers, attention should also be paid to the early application of topdressing, and the top dressing should be applied once after wilting, and the top dressing should be performed once. Each time, the use of urea (10 kg) should be carried out in combination with watering. 5 Pest control: spring sowing cabbage should pay attention to the control of aphids, diamondback moth and soft rot, especially in the ridge before completely eliminating the harm of aphids, should pay attention to the combination of cultivation and prevention and chemical control, and strengthen the cultivation and management work. a. Plutella xylostella can be diluted with 500-1000 times of Bt emulsion for biological control; or 5% of diflubenzuron (Sitafe) EC 2500 times, or 5% of fluphenate (calcium) 1500 times, Or 24% Wan Ling agent 1000 times, or 10% cis-cypermethrin EC 10,000 times spray and other control. b. 50% anti-influx WP 2000-3000, 10% imidacloprid 1500, or 20% fenvalerate 3000 times, or 40% dimethoate 1000-2000 times Spray and other control. c. P. rapae can be biologically controlled by diluting 500-800 times with bacterial insecticides such as Bt-emulsion or Pestis violaceus liquid agent; or 1000-fold dilution of 50% phoxim EC, or 20% fenvalerate Emulsifiable concentrate 2000-3000 times, or 2.5% deltamethrin emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times, or 2.5% kungfu (cyhalothrin) emulsifiable concentrate 5000 times, or 10% Uranus (bifenthrin) emulsifiable concentrate 10,000 times, etc. Spray for prevention. d. Control of soft rot with 72% of agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 4000 times, or neomycin to 4000-5000 times spray, once every 10 days, continuous control 2-3 times. e. Controlling downy mildew may use 25% metalaxyl wettable powder 750 times, or 69% ank manganese zinc wettable powder 500-600 times liquid, or 69% cream urea manganese zinc wettable powder 600-750 times Liquid, or 75% chlorothalonil WP 500 times spray. Alternating, rotation, 7-10 days, continuous control 2-3 times; f. Prevention of virus disease can be sprayed once before and after colonization 20% virus A wettable powder 600 times, or 1.5% diseased Ling cream EC 1000-1500 Times of liquid, or 83 times the resistance of 100 times liquid spray, once every 10 days, continuous control 2-3 times. 6 Harvesting: Spring cabbage should be harvested in time after ripening, and do not delay in order to reduce decay loss.

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