Introduction Experiment of Common Buckwheat Varieties in Central and Southern Guizhou

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冀中南地区常见藜麦品种的引种试验

First, materials and methods

1. Overview of the test site

The test was conducted in Yuma Town, Wucheng District, Shijiazhuang City from 2016 to 2017. Hummer Town has a flat terrain with less ups and downs. The altitude is 51-65 m, the annual average temperature is 13.3~15.0 °C, the highest temperature in 2016 is 37.8~39.8 °C, the annual effective accumulated temperature is 4400 °C, the annual average precipitation is 474.0 mm, the annual average frost-free period is 205 d, and the total annual sunshine hours is 2 521.9h. The annual average total solar radiation is 125.438 kcal/cm2.

2, test materials

There are 5 varieties of buckwheat varieties, QA55 from the Crop Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, MYSQ-1 from Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaqi 1 from Shanxi Jiaqi Bran Co., Ltd., and Oriental Buckwheat from Jilin Boda HT1 of Development Co., Ltd. and Qinglan No. 1 (E) from Qinghai Academy of Agriculture and Forestry.

冀中南地区常见藜麦品种的引种试验

3. Test method

(1) Test design

The five buckwheat varieties tested included four sowing dates on April 15th, April 30th, May 25th and May 30th, for a total of 20 treatments. The area of ​​the cell is 20m2 (2×10 m), and the random blocks are arranged in three repetitions.

Before planting, clean up the plot and plow the loose soil, then apply 10,000kg/hm2 of farmyard manure and 200kg/hm2 of compound fertilizer as base fertilizer. At the time of planting, buckwheat was planted by artificial seeding, with a row spacing of 50 cm, a sowing depth of 2 to 3 cm, and a seeding rate of 8 kg/hm2. When buckwheat seedlings grow to 5cm high time seedlings, keep the plant spacing 25cm; 5-7 pieces of true leaves, combined with cultivating and weeding to prevent soil lodging in the late stage; before the rainy season, timely irrigation according to soil moisture, and timely water accumulation after rain. Prevent the buckwheat from falling due to excessive soil moisture. Other management is the same as Daejeon routine.

(2) Measurement items and methods

Fertility period: record the sowing date, emergence stage, branching stage, preliminary stage, filling stage and maturity stage of each treated buckwheat.

Agronomic traits: Observe the plant type of buckwheat, and determine its plant height, main branch length, number of branches, main ear diameter, number of spikelets, incidence of pests and diseases, and lodging rate.

冀中南地区常见藜麦品种的引种试验

Second, the results and analysis

The growth and development of buckwheat is determined by its own biological characteristics and growing environmental conditions. The buckwheat varieties in the test can be normally seeded, branched, and flowered until the initial grain filling, and the growth and development of different varieties of buckwheat are basically synchronized under the same sowing date. However, after entering August, the ears were mildewed and could not mature normally. It was observed that after August, as the air humidity increased and the temperature increased, the grain that had been grouted in the tested buckwheat varieties began to dry up, and the ear part was mildewed and could not mature normally. It can be seen that for the purpose of harvesting grain, the five tested buckwheat varieties are not suitable for planting in the Central Plains of Guizhou.

Third, conclusions and discussion

The results of introduction of 2a showed that buckwheat could be normally emerged, flowered, pollinated and initially grouted in the Central Plains of Central Guizhou, but after 8 months, with the increase of air humidity and temperature, the buckwheat varieties were already grouted. The grains began to dry up, and the ears were sore and could not mature normally. It is concluded that the simple high temperature does not cause serious damage to buckwheat grouting, and the combination of high temperature and high humidity is the primary cause of buckwheat production. Therefore, in the Central Plains of the Central Plains, if the harvested grain is for the purpose, it is not suitable for planting the five buckwheat varieties QA55, MYSQ-1, Jiaqi No. 1, HT1 and Qinglan No. 1.

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