The peak of flower bud differentiation of apple appeared in the autumn, and the following four management measures of apple tree fall can be done to lay a solid foundation for the second year of high yield and stable quality. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone Guangdong Widinlsa International Co.Ltd , https://www.gdwidinlsa.com
Fertilizer management
In autumn, combined with the control of apple pests and diseases, it can spray 0.3~0.4% urea plus potassium dihydrogen phosphate twice. In late October, after harvesting the fruit, 0.5% urea was sprayed on the foliar surface of the nutrient return period, and sprayed once every 7 days for a total of 3 times to increase the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves, increase nutrient reflux, and promote The leaves are defoliated on time to prevent frost damage in winter.
In September, the autumn application of base fertilizer (late varieties can be postponed until late October to early November), and weeds, leaves, diseased fruits, etc., combined with the application of base fertilizer, while applying quick-acting nitrogen, which accounts for 5% of total fertilization. Phosphate fertilizer, which has a significant effect on improving soil fertility and promoting apple root growth. According to the soil moisture, you can water the right amount, avoid flooding with large water, so as not to cause the autumn shoots to grow and affect the coloration of the fruit. In the middle and late November, you can pour a frozen water to help the trees overwinter.
prune
Autumn pruning can improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the tree, increase the coloration of the fruit, improve the quality, and also have a significant effect on improving the quality of the flower bud in the second year. When the canopy is closed, or when there are too many autumn shoots on the outer layer to affect the light, some dense branches, long branches and long branches are scattered and shrunk. The long shoots left after the thinning can soften the litchi in the middle and late August to change its growth polarity. If the tree is too tall and there are too many auxiliary branches between the layers, it is appropriate to drop the head and clean the branches after picking the fruit, but the quantity should not be too much. In autumn, the pull branches are more likely to form flower buds than the spring pull branches, and at the same time, a large number of backing branches can be avoided. The branching of the lateral branches of the unsuccessful trees is generally carried out at an angle of 70-80 degrees. The pull branch has the functions of improving the light, stopping the growth of the long shoots, enriching the new shoots, and reducing the workload of winter shears.
Prevention of pests and diseases
The autumn pests of apple trees mainly include peach small heartworm, boat-shaped caterpillar, golden-grained moth, and big green leafhopper; the diseases include round sickness, anthracnose, and rot disease. The rot disease is at the peak of the second (autumn) incidence in the whole year, and it should be scraped in time and applied. For other pests and diseases, it is necessary to combine the local pests and conditions, do a good job of comprehensive prevention and control, and improve the fruit rate. This also has obvious effects on preventing saplings and improving the winter resistance of the trees.
It should be pointed out that after entering August to September, it is best not to spray Bordeaux mixture to avoid affecting the coloration of red varieties.
Improve fruit quality
For red varieties, such as the Marshal, Fuji and other varieties, in the late stage of fruit growth, a silver-gray reflective film is placed under the canopy to enhance the reflected light; the shading leaves near the fruit are removed twice in 20-30 days before fruit picking. Careful fruit transfer will help increase the coloration of red varieties and improve fruit quality.
In addition, spraying fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Gaomei Shi, and Yemianbao at the late stage of growth can also increase fruit coloration.