Scientists have discovered that the structural basis of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein recognition co-receptor December 25, 2018 Source: Ministry of Science and Technology On December 12th, Harvard University researchers published an article entitled "Structural basis of coreceptor recognition by HIV-1 envelope spike" in Nature, and found that HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) recognition assisted by The structural basis of the body may provide potential new targets for HIV vaccine design. Env consists of three identical mushroom-shaped structures, each containing a stem-like subunit gp41 and a cap-like region called gp120. Env interacts with the major receptor CD4 and a co-receptor (such as the chemokine receptor CCR5) to fuse the virus and the target cell membrane. Previous studies have suggested that the interaction of gp120 with co-receptors is the most critical factor triggering the release of gp41 fusion potential. In this study, the researchers observed the structure of full-length gp120 in soluble CD4 and unmodified human CCR5 complexes using a cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) with a resolution of 3.9 Ã…. The V3 loop of gp120 was inserted into a chemokine binding pocket formed by seven CCR5 transmembrane helices, and the N-terminus of CCR5 was contacted with a CD4-induced gp120 bridge sheet. CCR5 has no apparent allosteric effect on gp120 that can diffuse to gp41, but actually makes the Env trimer close to the target cell membrane. The N-terminus of gp120 has been "captured" by gp41 prior to fusion or CD4 binding to Env, reversed in the conformation of CCR5 binding, and may irreversibly disrupt the stability of gp41 to initiate fusion. Co-receptors may act by stabilizing and anchoring CD4-induced conformation of Env in the vicinity of the cell membrane. This study promotes the understanding of HIV-1 entry into host cells and provides another potential pathway for HIV drug development.
Medical Cold Patch
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Throat Pain Relief Patch
[Name] Medical Cold Patch
[Package Dimension] 36 round pieces
The pain relief patch is composed of three layers, namely, backing lining, middle gel and protective film. It is free from pharmacological, immunological or metabolic ingredients.
[Scope of Application] For cold physiotherapy, closed soft tissue only.
[Indications]
The patches give fast acting pain relief for acute and chronic tonsillitis.
[How To Use a Patch]
Please follow the Schematic Diagram. One piece, one time.
The curing effect of each piece can last for 6-8 hours.
[Attention]
Do not apply the patch on the problematic skin, such as wounds, eczema, dermatitis,or in the eyes. People allergic to herbs and the pregnant are advised not to use the medication. If swelling or irritation occurs, please stop using and if any of these effects persist or worsen.notify your doctor or pharmacist promptly. Children using the patch must be supervised by adults.
[Storage Conditions] Store below 30c in a dry place away from heat and direct sunlight.