The centrifugal rotor is the core component of the centrifuge. All systems in the centrifuge are configured to ensure safe operation of the rotor under certain conditions. The rotor not only directly affects the separation effect, it is also the main force component in the centrifuge technology, which is extremely important for the safety of the centrifuge. For a long time, the rotor has been the focus of research by centrifuges and centrifugal technology researchers.

Simply put, the centrifuge can be divided into two parts: the main machine and the detachable rotor (rotary head). One multi-function main machine can usually be equipped with multiple rotors, and different types of rotors can be used to meet different needs to realize its "multi-function". "This can effectively reduce the procurement cost, but you need to pay attention to the choice when purchasing, the centrifuge is convenient to disassemble the centrifuge.

The general centrifuge rotor directly cooperates with the main shaft. In order to reduce the noise, the manufacturer often makes the cooperation degree between the main engine and the rotor quite high. However, the biggest drawback is that the rotor is easily inseparable from the spindle and the disassembly is inconvenient. In addition, the rotor and the rotor are The matching mode of the motor also has a strong directionality. When the rotor direction is offset with the motor shaft, large noise will affect the service life of the whole machine. If it is serious, the spindle will break and the rotor will explode. Like the German sigma centrifuge, the rotor is fixed on the main shaft by means of expansion jacket, so that the rotor can be easily disassembled regardless of the length of time, and there will be no seizure.

The most common rotors include fixed angle rotors and horizontal rotors. The more complete the rotor, of course, the more complete the function, so the choice of rotor is usually selected according to the capacity of the common sample and the conditions of centrifugation, usually one horizontal rotor and one corner rotor, large capacity (relatively lower speed) rotor and small capacity high speed One rotor is used, and other rotors are selected according to different needs in the work.

The centrifuge tube in the angular rotor can be centrifuged at a fixed angle, and a higher rotational speed can be used, and the slope of the bottom of the tube is precipitated after centrifugation. Larger capacity rotors can usually be equipped with different "adapters" to "fix" small-capacity sample tubes. For example, a 6 x 85ml rotor can hold 85ml of centrifuge tubes per well, or 50ml or 15-20ml centrifuge tubes. To achieve a multi-purpose; but due to the weight of the burden, the maximum speed of the large-capacity rotor is relatively small, so it is necessary to consider whether the highest centrifugal force can meet the experimental requirements. Because the rotor with the highest speed is usually a rotor that fits a 2ml centrifuge tube, sometimes the price of a rotor can be almost bought by a small centrifuge, and the loss of expensive equipment can be reduced. Some small desktop high-speed centrifuges also offer fixed-angle rotors of different sizes (with 0.5ml and 2ml/1.5ml centrifuge tubes, respectively, except that the 0.5ml centrifuge tube is often fixed and the amount of sample per centrifugation is relatively large. Generally, choose a 2ml/1.5ml rotor, and the adapter (with adapter suitable for 0.2ml, 0.4ml, 0.5ml tube) can meet the needs. If the PCR tube is used, it is more convenient to consider a rotor with 8 tubes. .

The angled rotor is equipped with a cover to help reduce friction, reduce noise and prevent accidents. The angle rotor must be covered. If the uncovered centrifuge chamber has a large eddy current resistance and frictional heating, this is equivalent to the motor and the centrifuge. The chiller adds an extra burden and affects the life of the centrifuge. In addition, a hermetic rotor can be airtightly centrifuged to prevent accidental leakage, which is important for improving the experimental environment.

The horizontal rotor is equipped with 2 or 4 baskets, which are hung vertically on the rotor at rest. The baskets have different adapters to meet the needs of centrifuge tubes of different capacities. When the rotor speed exceeds 600 rpm and the centrifuge tube reaches the horizontal position, the sample sedimentation direction moves along the axial direction of the centrifuge tube, and finally settles at the bottom of the tube for easy collection. Because the rotor is not as stable as the fixed angle rotor, the maximum speed of the horizontal basket is much lower than that of the fixed angle rotor, and is limited to the range of low speed centrifugation. The baskets have different adapters for placing various types of centrifuge tubes, even for plate centrifugation – for example, eppendorf's high-capacity centrifuges can be equipped with multi-purpose adapters, allowing multiple microplates or plates, deep well plates PCR plates, slide cassettes, purification plates for large-scale nucleic acid purification kits, and even centrifugation of cell culture flasks can share the same horizontal rotor with large-capacity centrifuge bottles, helping to save money while meeting diverse needs. Therefore, it is better to choose a rotor with a wider adaptation range.

The horizontal rotor allows centrifugation to settle on the bottom of the tube rather than the slope of the tube wall, but the rotational speed of the horizontal rotor tends to be much slower than that of the fixed rotor of the same type - sometimes unable to meet the needs of high-speed centrifugation, but requires high speed but requires precipitation in the tube The bottom sample can be selected from the drum type rotor. The centrifugal finger tube is horizontally fixed on the bracket in the "circular biscuit box" which is not beautiful in appearance, and can be centrifuged at a relatively high speed (14000rmp) to ensure sedimentation and accumulation. At the bottom of the tube.

More and more new rotors are born with new needs. The material of the rotor is also innovated from aluminum alloys with light weight, high strength and low cost. Ultra-light rotors such as carbon fiber rotors and plastic rotors have emerged, and aluminum alloy molds have been used to press hollow corners to effectively reduce weight and thereby reduce The load on the motor and increase the capacity of the sample. Most of the rotors, adapters and covers can be directly sterilized at high temperature, and the corrosion resistance and temperature resistance are also greatly improved, which can meet special needs. However, when the rotor is running at high speed, centrifugal stress is generated inside, so there are certain limits of use, which need to be properly stored and used with reference to the instructions. When the centrifugal stress exceeds a certain limit, it will cause premature failure of the rotor and even accidents. The manufacturer's instructions should be strictly followed.

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