High-yield Cultivation Techniques of Euphorbia Medicinal and Herbal Medicines

薏苡Also known as jade beads, six grain millet, and medicinal corn, it is an annual medicinal plant for grasses. It uses nuts as its medicine and has the effects of clearing heat, diuresis, dampness, pus, lungs, spleen and stomach, strong bones and bones, and lowering blood pressure. And have a good anti-cancer effect. Coix seed is not only a medicinal and dual-purpose nourishing Chinese herbal medicine, but also a commonly used raw material for health products manufacturers to produce summer cool drinks. In recent years, not only has the demand in the domestic market increased, it has also been exported to places such as Japan and South Korea. As one of the varieties of short, flat and fast herbs, it can be planted in all parts of the country from north to south. The main points of high-yield cultivation are described below.

First, choose a good species

The quail clams are divided into three types: early-maturing, medium-matured, and late-maturing, and the "shelled red coat" is a mid-maturing hybrid grown in recent years. Its characteristics are: fruit oval, light brown surface, and light inner seed coat. Red or light white, sub-shell thin, out of rice rate of 65%, stout thick, strong lodging resistance, high yield, maturity is more consistent. It is best to use this variety when planting.

Second, the election site preparation

薏苡 The adaptability is strong, the soil is not strict, hi moist, salt and alkali resistant and barren. Traditionally, it is better to grow in sunny slopes and sunny slopes in the deep soil and in the mountains. When the soil preparation is completed, first apply 1500 kg of farmyard fertilizer and 50 kg of superphosphate per acre, then plow till it is well leveled and a good drainage ditch will be opened around.

Third, before the seed treatment

In order to prevent smut that is more prone to occur, the seeds should be disinfected prior to sowing. Put the seeds into a cloth bag, soak it in warm water of 30°C~40°C for 10-15 minutes, remove and immerse in 2% lime water, soak for 24 hours; also use 1:1∶100 Bordeaux mixture to soak 24 hour. Immediately after removal, rinse with clean water and sow. In addition, 50% carbendazim or 50% thiophanate-methyl and other pesticides can also be used for seed dressing at a seeding rate of 0.4% to 0.5% of the total seed amount to prevent disease.

Fourth, sowing

It can be planted in spring and summer, but it should not be over at the end of June. Seeding method is divided into drill and sowing. Drilling: In the entire good ground, a shallow ditch with a depth of 3 to 4 centimeters in a row spacing of 35 to 40 centimeters is to be spread evenly into the ditch, covered with fine soil or earth fertilizer, and no seed is used as a cover. Hole sowing: In the entire good ground on the spacing of 40 to 45 cm, spacing 15 to 20 cm spacing, depth 5 to 6 cm, sowing 3 to 4 seeds per hole, and then cover the ground Qiqi. The sowing rate per acre is 3 to 4 kg.

V. Field Management

1. The seedlings are planted in direct seeding plots. When the seedlings grow 2 to 3 true leaves, they are combined with weeds to remove dense seedlings and weak seedlings, so that the spacing of the seedling seedlings is maintained at 5 to 7 cm; when the seedlings grow 5 to 6 true leaves Dingmiao, keep the spacing between 10 to 15 cm. If there is a shortage of seedlings, the seedlings should be promptly filled

2. In the cultivating and removing apple seedlings, one cultivating and weeding is performed; when the seedlings are established, one more cultivating is performed; after that, depending on the conditions of soil compaction and weed breeding, top dressing is carried out. During the growing season, stems and leaves are treated with benzoic acid herbicides such as dicamba (bacoside) to control annual or perennial broad-leaved weeds.

3. Top dressing is generally top dressing 2 to 3 times during the growth process. The first topdressing is carried out at a seedling height of 4 to 7 centimeters, and 5 to 10 kilograms of ammonium sulfate is applied per acre, or 1,000 kilograms of manure and urine is decomposed to promote seedling growth, early tiller and more tillers; the second top dressing should be seedlings. Affection, generally in the beginning of jointing, the main stem 11 to 12 leaf stage, per acre topdressing ammonium sulfate 10 to 15 kilograms or decomposed human and animal manure water 1500 kilograms, to promote plant growth robust, is conducive to booting; the third top dressing, Should be depending on the seedlings to topdressing and attacking panicle fertilizer, apply 3 to 5 kilograms of urea per acre or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer for foliar spray to promote grain filling, improve quality and yield.

4. After picking the feet, the old leaves below the first branch and the ineffective tillers are removed after the joints are pulled, which is conducive to ventilation, light transmission, and promotion of stout stalks. It also has a certain effect on preventing lodging.

5. Artificially assisted pollination The unisexuality of the flowers, although the ear is the same strain, is pollinated by the wind, but when the wind or the wind is not strong during the flowering period, the female flowers cannot be completely pollinated and empty grains are formed. In the flowering period, artificial shaking of the stalks can be used to increase the rate of seed setting and increase the yield of pollen.

VI. Pest Control

1. Head smuts cause damage to the ear, and a large amount of dark brown powder is emitted after the damaged seeds are broken. Prevention methods: 1 Soaking and soaking before sowing; 2 The diseased plants are found, immediately removed, burned and buried deeply; 3 holes use 5% milk of lime disinfection.

2. Leaf blight is responsible for the damage to the leaves. After the occurrence of the disease, yellowish lesions appear on the leaves. Control methods: 1 Spray 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture at the beginning of the disease, once every 7 days, spray 2 or 3 times; 2 Remove the feet in time. Leaves, keeping the fields airy and light.

3. Mythimna separata larvae eat leaves, control methods: use 90% of trichlorfon 800 ~ 1000 times liquid spray.

Seven, harvest processing

About 5 months after sowing, harvesting takes place. When the stems and leaves become brown and 80% of the fruits are light brown mature, the stems are cut off, threshed with a threshing machine, dried, impurities removed, and the shells are removed. Net, and then use the rice mill to grind the shell, and then screen the net dried and dried goods.

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