Readers in Weinan City, Shaanxi Province recently reported to this newspaper that 70% of the melon seedlings planted in 8 mu of land had withered during the seedling period, accompanied by a “red water†phenomenon. To address this issue, the reporter interviewed Yang Lingxiang and Zhang Gongxiang, senior agronomist and general manager of organic agricultural professional cooperatives. He said that according to the description of the symptoms should be watermelon wilt. Commonly known as vine plague, wilt disease, wilting disease, etc., is a devastating soil fax fungus disease, can cause a 30% decline in watermelon production, some production cuts reach 50%, or even out of production. Cause: Repeatedly Zhang Gongxiang said that watermelon wilt disease is common in many places, and it has become a recurring trend in some areas. The reason for this is mainly due to re-twisting, as the planting of double-dip trees will increase the number of pathogens in the soil, and the rate of diseased plants will reach about 70%. Illness: seedling damage caused by stem vine "spit red water" Damage to watermelon seedlings can lead to bad crops. Diseases generally occur after unearthing. Symptoms: The leaves lose water severely until they are wilted; the base of the stem turns brown and begins to shrink, showing a cataplexy; pulling out the melon seedlings, the roots appear yellowish-brown with rot symptoms, in most cases the whole disease; The basal stem of the vines turns green and appears soft and longitudinally split, accompanied by a pale red gelatinous stream, commonly known as "red water." In addition, under wet conditions, the root part of the diseased plant was covered with white to pink moldy, causing the disease to dark brown rot, the root system can easily be pulled up, in severe cases will cause melons to die, but the leaves do not fall off. Countermeasures: Combining technology and pharmaceutical use Zhang Gongxiang stated that on the basis of seed disinfection, it is necessary to make a reasonable rotation and use aseptic soil to cultivate strong seedlings. At the same time, attention should be paid to eliminating stagnant water in the melon fields and keeping the soil loose at any time. In addition, we must also pay attention to the rational use of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers. By adding lime to the soil to weaken the acidic environment of the soil, we must remove the diseased plants and burn them in a concentrated manner. The use of pharmaceutical agents is the key to controlling blight. "Usually, after transplanting, watermelons should be irrigated with 5% mycorrhizal liquid at the time of transplanting, or 800 to 1000 times potassium permanganate to irrigate the roots one week after planting, once every seven days, and continuously for three times. This can effectively prevent blight." Zhang Gongxiang said that the prevention and treatment of pesticides before transplanting after the onset of irrigating the root, in the early onset should be used 75% thiophanate-methyl, 50% carbendazim, 75% chlorothalonil, can be killed Anti-dry and other agents for comprehensive prevention and control, generally should be 2 to 3 times better irrigation. Natural Sweeteners
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