Paclobutrazol and PBO are frequently used as growth regulators for fruit trees such as big cherries. It is not uncommon for paclobutrazol and PBO to be used as examples of delayed effects. In order to help fruit growers to reduce losses that they should not have, the phytotoxicity cases and related recommendations of Daqing are briefly described as follows:

First, phytotoxicity examples

1. Qinhuangdao has a newly developed flat cherry base village with high salinity. Many fruit farmers in 2007 to five-year-prosperous trees applied in soil in July 15% paclobutrazol 6 ~ 8 grams / strain, followed by 200 to 300 times the concentration of spray 2 times, a total of 13 to 15 grams of paclobutrazol equivalent / The strain did not show obvious phytotoxicity. However, in 2008, the tree was not able to shoot new shoots. The leaves were thin and rolled, and most of them fell early, with few results. By 2009, the tree growth still failed to return to normal, and 10% of trees died.

2. A fruit farmer in the harbor area planted 127 large cherry cultivars (49 plants/mu) on 2.6 mu of flat land from 1983 to 1984, and applied paclobutrazol to Wangzhuang in three times in 1990, 1993, and 1996. g/strain, according to the degree of tree growth when applied 0.5 ~ 1 g / strain. After the first two applications, good yield results were obtained, and the highest yield was over 1000 kg per mu. From 1996 to 1998, the tree vigor was obviously weakened and the turbid fluid disease was serious. The phenomenon of dead tree surged. By 2009, only 36% of the first trees survived.

3. Beidaihe has 4 cherries varieties with strong growth, such as 8-year-old Naonweng and red light, 5 g/plant PBO before budding, or 300-times liquid spray, 2 times/year, and sprayer before and after flowering. Subsidiary solution 0.5 kg / strain, equivalent to 3.3 g / strain. As a result, the 7 Naon-trees that were applied to land were almost completely dead and only one main branch was survived; the average number of dead plants sprayed was 1.6 per plant. The body of the tree is a wilting droop in the leaves more than 20 days after flowering, followed by curling, yellowing; the fruit is dehydration and shrinkage when the size of the soy bean, and finally the dry state of the Pakistani date.

Second, the potential for delayed drug harm

1. The soil application dose is large. At present, there are still fruit growers applying a relatively large dose of paclobutrazol to the semi-finished cherry tree seedlings of the Pingdi Garden. When they are 6 years old, the amount of each plant is 9-12 grams, and the application time is 2008. After the fruit is picked, the method is to convert paclobutrazol into The water is poured onto the surface of the tree. In 2009, the amount of fruit set, single fruit weight, and flowering of the treated trees all performed well, and the yield increased by 13% to 15% compared with the control. However, from the perspective of the new shoots, the growth of 6 g/plant was basically normal, and the new shoots were more than 28 cm. However, 9 g/strain and 12 g/strain were basically no new shoots. This shows again that for the 5-year-old tree, the amount is obviously too large, and it is also potentially dangerous to the life of the tree. It needs to be prevented in advance.

2. The spraying dose is too large. Many fruit growers believe that the growth regulator spraying is safer than land, and often uses a motorized high-pressure spray. In this way, the amount of liquid used for each tree in the early fruit period of the fruit trees is 2 to 2.5 kg, and 400 times of the liquid is sprayed three times in one year. This equals to 15 to 19 grams of paclobutrazol per strain. Although the residual drug on the surface of the earth will not be used immediately, it will undoubtedly cause phytotoxicity if a large number of sprays are applied continuously and deep-turning lands are added. Otherwise, there will be no fruit growers to reflect the spraying of 400 times paclobutrazol, which also has leaf curling and other phytotoxicity.

Third, to prevent the damage of the recommended fruit trees use phytotoxicity caused by the regulator, not only with the amount, tree potential, variety, site conditions or soil thickness and many other factors, but also with the size of the crown or the shadow area of ​​the calculation and so on. Hereby make the following suggestions:

1. Establish awareness of prevention. If it is in a certified green or organic food production base, it is absolutely not allowed to use any growth regulators. Even if they can be used, they must conduct full investigations and investigations on related factors and successful use cases before use. In line with the principle of “never less, no more” and “will not produce obvious delaying harmful effects”, timely and appropriate Scientific application.

2. Determine the growth of the tree. In general, paclobutrazol, PBO as a growth retardant, the appropriate use of the object is mainly the age of the tree that does not result or the result is less, and the strong and strong branch. Therefore, it is generally required that the annual growth of shoots outside the tree body is 30 to 60 cm. The branches are thick, the leaves are large, and the leaves are thick and dark green. On the contrary, if it has entered the fruit period, the tree vigor has stabilized and the amount of flowers is sufficient, so it is not appropriate to reuse it, especially if it is not suitable for land application, it should be sprayed at most 1 or 2 times. Don't use it with sensitive varieties such as Nagion and Pioneer, or varieties with easy flowers.

3 grasp the quasi-usage dosage. From the method point of view, it should be said that spraying is safer than land. However, regardless of spraying or land application, the quasi-dosage must be grasped first, otherwise it may lead to undue harm. As early as fruity period, the spraying concentration can be 200-300 times, the amount of liquid medicine should be ≤ 1 kg/plant, and it can be sprayed 1 to 3 times per year; the soil application can be 0.5-0.7 g/m2 according to the canopy area of ​​the tree crown. For example, strong trees around the age of five years, the crown canopy area does not pull the branch up to 5 to 7 square meters, a safer amount of 2 to 4 grams / strain. If 1 g/m2 according to the specification is calculated based on the area where the crown of the tree canopy is drawn, the dosage will be 9 g/strain, a difference of about 3 times, which will easily lead to tree damage.

4. The supporting measures must keep up. For trees that use paclobutrazol and PBO, it is necessary to strengthen the fertilizer and water countermeasures. At the same time, it is necessary to remove the sprouting branches, legged branches, and dense branches in time and open the branches of the branches to maintain the appropriate branches. If it has been applied in excess, can be replaced by soil, apply more nitrogen fertilizer, increase the short cut or cut rate, spray 1 to 2 times 10 ~ 15 mg / kg of gibberellic acid, etc. to be relieved or eased.

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