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In 2005, the market share of domestic insect-resistant cotton was close to 70%, which was mainly due to the nationwide “one game†R&D and promotion system established by the Cotton Research Institute of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Once upon a time, the "5%" market share became a pin in the hearts of Chinese cotton researchers. We also have insect-resistant genes with independent intellectual property rights, and have relatively advanced conventional breeding techniques. Why can our insect-resistant cotton not compete with foreign insect-resistant cotton in China? Dr. Yu Shuxun, head of the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said: “Our scale of genetic transformation system is too small. There is no breakthrough in the core technology of transformation. Research institutes are scattered, and they do not ventilate and repeat research, and they cannot form effective integration. Our innovation team forms our core competitiveness, so it is very slow."
Under the support of the “National Test and Industrialization Base for Genetically Modified Cottonâ€, the cotton research institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences innovated the R&D and promotion system, breaking the situation in which the scientific research units were fighting each other, and led the establishment of a large-scale cotton transgenic technology system platform to take a win-win situation. The mutually beneficial development model, through the contractual relationship, and in the context of respecting the sharing of intellectual property rights and achievements, has carried out comprehensive strategic cooperation with eight upstream gene building units and downstream cotton industry leading enterprises engaged in basic research in China. A "joint fleet" with complementary advantages, strong alliances and international competitiveness has been successfully established. This nationwide "Rookie" R&D and promotion system immediately shows strong vitality.
Upstream of the cooperation system, gene construction units represented by Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences successfully constructed insect-resistance genes with independent intellectual property rights; the middle reaches of the Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Mainly, a large-scale cotton transgenic technology system was established, new transgenic cotton germplasm new materials were created in large quantities, and new materials obtained were rapidly distributed to breeding research units to rapidly develop new domestically modified insect-resistant cotton suitable for planting in different cotton regions of China. Varieties, and pilot tests are conducted in Henan, Shandong, Anhui, etc.; the downstream of the system is a leading enterprise of science and technology cotton, and companies such as China Cotton Science and Technology Trading Co., Ltd. have established domestically-transformed insect-resistant pests by establishing marketing networks throughout the country's cotton regions. Cotton varieties quickly entered the market and came to the urgently needed cotton farmers. Dr. Li Fuguang, head of the Genetic Research Group at the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, said:
“Transgenics is a system, not a family, and not a single unit can do it on its own. In terms of insect-resistant cotton, if we say that any domestic unit in our country is closed, we all want to do it ourselves. It can be said that our insect-resistant cotton industry will not It's as developed as it is today."
In 2002, domestic insect-resistant cotton hit a beautiful turnaround. This year, the domestic market share of transgenic insect-resistant cotton rose to 35%. In 2003, domestic insect-resistant cotton accounted for about 50% of the market share. In 2005, domestic market share of insect-resistant cotton accounted for nearly 80%, completely breaking the monopoly of foreign insect-resistant cotton.
The cultivation of domestically produced transgenic insect-resistant cotton not only effectively controls the outbreak damage of the cotton bollworm, but also reduces the amount of pesticides used. It saves 2000-3000 million kilograms of chemical pesticides annually, reduces the incidence of pesticide poisoning by 80%, and increases the production of lint per mu. 7 kilograms, increase income and save about 120 yuan. With the support of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Science and Technology Trade Company of the Cotton Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences as the main body, relying on the achievements of the Institute of Science and Technology of China, established cooperation with local governments in the Yellow River Basin, the Yangtze River Basin and the three major cotton regions in Xinjiang, and established 8 Regional joint ventures have formed a national industrialization system centered on China Cotton Institute and established more than 200 demonstration sites for insect-resistant cotton varieties. By 2005, more than 90 million mu of insect-resistant cotton has been promoted in China. Create more than 150 billion yuan in social and economic benefits. "China Cotton"
The series of transgenic insect-resistant cotton has become the first brand in China's cotton seed market.
Booster for innovation system of transgenic insect-resistant cotton
Just as Chinese cotton experts declared war on the bollworm, another GM cotton war without smoke cleared the curtain. In 1998, China began planting transgenic insect-resistant cotton. Foreign anti-insect cotton quickly occupied more than 95% of China's insect-resistant cotton market by virtue of its advanced high-tech advantage, and domestic insect-resistant cotton was less than 5%. Five years later, the planting area of ​​domestically-produced transgenic insect-resistant cotton varieties with independent intellectual property rights exceeded the United States for the first time.