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Dairy cows should correct several bad practices
Predatory milking The average milking period of dairy cows is 305 days, but due to factors such as cow's age, parity, sensation and feeding level, sometimes the lactation period is appropriately extended or shortened. Some dairy cows stopped milking regardless of the circumstances, from the post-natal period until there was no milk. The negative effect of this is serious. One is that cows consume excessive nutrients in the body, causing cows to have no obvious estrus, sexual cycle disturbances, and difficult to match the pregnancy. Second, the dairy cows are physically demanding and are not easy to recover in a short period of time, affecting the increase in the amount of milk produced by the next fetus. Therefore, milk must be milked during the lactation period, and the cow should be given enough time to make up for the loss of nutrients in the body to ensure that the next child has a higher milk yield. The initial weight of individual small cows should be 350-400 kg, which is 10-11 times of the initial weight of calves. Many dairy cows are 18 months old when they are born, weighing 250-300 kg. The first child often suffers from dystocia and has to undergo artificial birth assistance, causing more rupture of the vulva and secondary intrauterine Membrane inflammation affects the normal reproduction of the lower tire. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the impatience and strengthen the breeding and management of yak and bred cattle so that the ideal body weight can be achieved before mating, so as to adapt to the cold match. During the dry period, the dairy cows in the milk-reducing period are producing milk in the puerperium and the loss of nutrients in the body, coupled with pregnancy, the embryonic development has a large nutritional demand, and it is urgently needed to recover during the dry period. Some dairy farmers believe that they can feed poorly when they are not milking, and therefore significantly reduce concentrates. Due to the loss of nutrition at this stage, the cows are in a lower level of sensation before delivery, and calving is time-consuming, the calves are weak, and cows have low milk production. Therefore, it is advisable that the milk cow feeds in the dry period to account for 0.8% to 0.9% of the cow's body weight. The amount of concentrate feeding can be appropriately reduced a few days before delivery to facilitate the normal delivery of cows. Feeding young green fodder to the vast majority of rural dairy cows is basically feeding wheat straw all year round. Feeding only a small amount of green fodder in July, August and September is far from meeting the needs of dairy cows for green fodder. Should try to collect the grass in the vegetable plot and the stems and leaves of the farmer's crop before harvest to feed the cows, and the rest can be dried or silaged, so that it can be used to make up for the lack of cultivation. The yak feeds most of the dairy cows, separates the newborn calf from the cows, and feeds them on the tethered neck. This not only limits the calf activity, but also seriously hinders the calf's growth and development, and it is extremely harmful to calves. Newborn calves should be allowed to move freely in calf pens and fed regularly by breeders to facilitate the management of cows and calves. Seeing troughs and troughs is to look at troughs in the same season. When feeding cows, the cows are held on the troughs or pulled out of the troughs on stakes. The cows are never allowed to move and the cattle are raised. Way to raise cows. This often causes cows to appear estrus is not obvious, estrus is difficult to match the pregnancy, postpartum tire clothing discharge is slow, individual cattle fetal clothing is not lower, the body is poor, weak disease resistance and other adverse signs. The improved method is to bring the cows with a necklace, and when the feeder is fed, the neck is tied to the trough so that the cows can freely eat and rest. After feeding during the day, untie the neckline from the trough and place the cow on the playground, allowing it to move freely. Maintaining adequate exercise plays an important role in promoting the metabolism of dairy cows, increasing appetite, maintaining normal reproduction, and preventing diseases. Do not brush the cow's skin skin metabolism is strong, sensitive to external dust reaction. When the coat is accompanied by dry faeces and dust, the cow feels uncomfortable, tongue is often used, the body scratches the wall, wipe the groove and other ways to relieve the body itching, resulting in the consumption of nutrients in the body, reduced appetite, seriously affect the health of dairy cows . In order to keep the cow body clean and hygienic, brush and comb are applied once a day from the head to the neck or even the whole body to maintain the normal physiological function of the cow's skin. Non-disinfection awareness Under good husbandry conditions, the cows rarely get sick, but in rough feeding environments, the cows are of poor constitution, weak disease resistance, and the bacteria easily invade the bovine body, causing the cows to become ill. Some dairy farmers often lack knowledge in this area and only want to reduce expenditures, reduce costs, gain benefits, and often do not pay attention to disinfection, causing cows to become infected and die. Therefore, we must do a good job of disinfection. In the winter and spring, the cowshed and feeding environment are disinfected once a week, and summer and autumn are disinfected twice a week. A disinfection tank shall be set up in front of the cows’ breeding gates, and personnel shall be sterilized in and out to prevent the introduction of bacteria and viruses. While doing a good job of disinfection, do feed and drinking water cleanliness, it is strictly prohibited to feed mildew feed. Yak is unscientific because cows don't stick cow noses and don't wear nose loops. Dairy cows use rope angles to facilitate cows. Some cows have small corners and can't hold them up. Both of these methods have disadvantages that can easily damage the skin of cattle. The scientific bovine method is to put a necklace on the neck of the cow. When the cow is fed, the chain is tied to the bollard, the bollard is fed in a fixed position, and the open chain releases the motion after feeding. The reason why cows and cows are associated with cows and cows is that the rearing and management of breeding cattle is poor. At 18 months of age, the weight is only about 275 kg, which is not enough for the initial allocation. Farmers are afraid to use cold-prepared dystocia, or because of the low rate of frozen pregnancy, they will use cows instead. According to the survey, dairy cows have a slightly higher fertility rate than the frozen ones, but the production of hybrid females cannot be reserved for dairy cows. Only low-cost treatment is required. After a few years, the original cows are old and must be renewed. Buying a cow has to add 3,000-3,500 yuan. The one-time investment is too large. The dairy cows cannot afford it. The trade-offs between the two are weighed against the pros and cons.