In the process of cowpea planting, cowpea rust is one of the three major diseases of cowpea, which is common in Hainan cowpea planting areas. The outbreak of cowpea rust directly leads to reduced yield and quality of cowpea, which has a greater impact on the production of cowpea. The following is a small series of the disease conditions and prevention methods of Hainan cowpea rust, let's learn together. 1, symptoms Cowpea rust occurs mostly on older leaves and gradually spreads upwards. In severe cases, the leaves are yellow-brown and dry, and the plants are prematurely fading. In the initial stage of infection, yellowish or white spots are formed on the back of mature leaves near the ground. When expanded, red-brown pustules with yellow halo, ie, urediospores, are formed. After the pustules rupture, reddish brown powder, ie, urediospores, is formed. Black sorghum heaps are produced on the leaves during the late infestation, which can cause the leaves to deform and fall early. In addition, yellow spore-shaped spores are sometimes produced on the front side of the leaves and on the stems and pods, and then orange-red spots, ie, rust spores, are produced around these spores. In general, spores and rust spores occur less frequently. 2, pathogens The pathogen of cowpea rust is Uromyces vignae Barcl, which belongs to the fungus disease. 3. Incidence conditions In Hainan, urediospores are the primary source of infection for cowpea rust. Summer spores germinated in the temperature range of 10 to 30 °C, and the suitable temperature was 16-22 °C. During the growth of cowpea, the rust pathogen is repeatedly infected by urediospores. The germination of summer spores produces germ tubes, which directly invade from the stomata or epidermis, mainly through airflow, and rainwater can also transmit diseases, which accelerates the development of diseases after repeated infection. Leaf condensation and water droplets on the surface are prerequisites for germinal germination and invasion. When the average daily temperature is 23 °C and the relative humidity is 90%, the incubation period is the shortest, which is 8-9 days; the average daily temperature is 24 °C, and it is rainy and rainy, and the disease is easy to be popular. Cowpea is more susceptible to disease in the middle and late growth stages than in the seedling stage. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage caused the field to be closed, which is conducive to disease occurrence. The situation is low due to low terrain, poor drainage and excessive density. 4, prevention and treatment methods 1. Strengthen field management Avoid excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage. Reasonable close planting, timely removal of field diseased bodies after sorghum cultivation and vine extraction, and centralized treatment. 2. Chemical control In the early stage of the disease, spray 15% triazolone wettable powder 1000 times solution, or 25% propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times solution, or 50% ether oxystrobin dry suspension agent 3000 times solution, or 50% sulfur suspension agent 200 times solution, or 10% difenoconazole can disperse granules 1000 times solution, once every 10 to 15 days, continuous control 2 to 3 times. The above is the disease conditions and prevention methods of Hainan cowpea rust organized by Huinong. The above-mentioned chemical control plan is for reference only and I hope to help you. For the wonderful pictures and popular comments on cowpea cultivation, you may be interested in the following recommended contents. Welcome to read.
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