It is understood that summer pruning can lay the foundation for increasing production and can control prosperity. The summer pruning methods of pear trees mainly include pulling branches, opening angles, sparse branches, wiping buds and topping.

1. Open the corner

Opening angle pruning is to adjust the paper strips by pulling branches to distribute excess paper strips in the tree to make them evenly distributed, increase space, and improve ventilation and light transmission conditions. Opening angles of the branch facilitate flower bud differentiation and early results. Pulling branches are generally carried out in the first half of June, when the growth of spring shoots slows down or stops growing. Pulling and falling branches are adopted for overly upright branches to ease their growth and promote flower buds. Chinese medicine measures for tree pruning in summer.

2. Sparse shoots

Thinning and sprouting refers to cutting (wiping) the dense paper strip from the base during the growing season. Pear trees have a high budding rate and weak branches, and the crowns are mostly sparse. Therefore, more branches and fewer branches are needed. The opening angle of the long-twisted branches is used to ease the growth, and the use of retraction and pruning methods is very beneficial for early results.

3. Topping

Topping is when the new shoots grow to a certain length and the top 1-2 leaves are removed. Different periods of topping will have different effects. For example, the vigorous young trees will be topped when the new shoots grow to 30-40 cm from late May to early June, which can promote the growth of the secondary shoots, accelerate the shaping, reduce the amount of pruning, and ease the tree Momentum to lay the foundation for early results. In August, topping the new shoots before they stop growing can promote the full development of the new shoots, which is conducive to safe wintering. In order to promote the new shoots to germinate the secondary branches as soon as possible, you can remove the 1 ~ 2 leaves of the wound while the new shoots are topping, so that the axillary buds can germinate quickly and the secondary branches can be quickly drawn.

Pear tree topping should be timely. If the topping is too early, it will stimulate a large number of useless accessory shoots and consume nutrients; if the topping is too late, the expected effect will not be achieved.

4. Adjust the branch angle

Pear branches are upright and brittle, and are not easy to open. Bone branches are more open after the fruiting period, and the branches are prone to sag. Therefore, the crown of the young trees of most pear varieties is conical, which affects the early flowering and fruiting. It is necessary to open the main branch angle early. However, due to the strong trunk of pears and the large opening angle, it is easy to concentrate the growth advantage on the middle stem, and the growth of the extended branches is weakened. Therefore, the main branch angle of pear trees should be smaller than that of apple trees. Between 45 ° and 55 °, the maximum shall not exceed 60 °. The methods of opening the angle mainly include pulling, bracing, falling and tying. As the age of the tree increases and the yield increases year by year, the canopy gradually opens. In the later stages of Dashengguo, the angle of the main branch increases, and its tip is prone to sag, and it needs to be retracted and trimmed too high.

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Herbal Extract

Plant extracts refers to substances extracted or processed from plants (all or part of plants) with appropriate solvents or methods. They can be used in pharmaceutical industry, food industry, daily chemical industry and other industries.

There is a conceptual intersection between plant extracts and Chinese herbal extracts. The raw materials of plant extracts in China mainly come from Chinese herbal medicine. Therefore, domestic plant extracts can also be called traditional Chinese medicine extracts to some extent. They are generally included in the category of traditional Chinese medicine products in China's export trade statistics.

Development History

China's plant extracts come from the traditional Chinese medicine industry, and the overall development time is relatively late. In the 1970s, some Chinese herbal medicine factories began to use mechanical equipment to extract active ingredients, but only as part of production, plant extracts have not been produced on a large scale. Until the 1990s, the international trend of returning to nature rose, and people began to tend to use natural plant products. During this period, China's foreign trade rose, and China's Plant Extract industry was getting better and better. In the 21st century, with the application of more advanced extraction methods such as enzymatic extraction, ultrasound, supercritical extraction, membrane separation technology and microwave extraction technology, the yield of extract has been greatly improved, and China's plant extract industry has entered a golden period of development. From 2010 to 2015, the production capacity and export volume of plant extracts increased steadily and rapidly every year, and the proportion of plant extracts in the export of traditional Chinese medicine also increased a lot. Since 2016, the market situation of plant extracts has changed.

Classification

Ashwaganda Root Extract, ,Sophora Japonica Extract, Hypericum Perforatum Extract, Salvia Miltiorrhiza Extract

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